19. Organisms and their Environment

Question 1

What is an ecosystem?

Answer 1

An ecosystem is a community of living organisms interacting with their physical environment.

Question 2

True or False: Biotic factors are non-living components of an ecosystem.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the role or function of an organism within its ecosystem.

Answer 3

niche

Question 4

What are producers in an ecosystem?

Answer 4

Producers are organisms that can make their own food, typically through photosynthesis.

Question 5

Name one example of a primary consumer.

Answer 5

Herbivores, such as rabbits or deer.

Question 6

What is the main source of energy for most ecosystems?

Answer 6

The sun

Question 7

True or False: Decomposers play a crucial role in recycling nutrients in an ecosystem.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

What is a food chain?

Answer 8

A food chain is a linear sequence of organisms through which nutrients and energy pass as one organism eats another.

Question 9

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a top predator? A) Grass B) Rabbit C) Fox D) Hawk

Answer 9

D) Hawk

Question 10

What is biodiversity?

Answer 10

Biodiversity refers to the variety of life in a particular habitat or ecosystem.

Question 11

Fill in the blank: An organism’s __________ is its home and the conditions it requires to live.

Answer 11

habitat

Question 12

True or False: All organisms in an ecosystem are dependent on each other.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

What is a trophic level?

Answer 13

A trophic level is a position in a food chain or food web, representing the flow of energy and nutrients.

Question 14

Name one abiotic factor that affects ecosystems.

Answer 14

Temperature, water, sunlight, soil.

Question 15

What is meant by the term ‘carrying capacity’?

Answer 15

Carrying capacity is the maximum population size of a species that an environment can sustain indefinitely.

Question 16

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a characteristic of a climax community? A) High biodiversity B) Frequent disturbances C) Low stability D) Rapid changes

Answer 16

A) High biodiversity

Question 17

What is a keystone species?

Answer 17

A keystone species is a species that has a disproportionately large effect on its environment relative to its abundance.

Question 18

Fill in the blank: __________ are organisms that obtain energy by consuming other organisms.

Answer 18

Consumers

Question 19

True or False: Photosynthesis occurs in plants, algae, and some bacteria.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

What is an adaptation?

Answer 20

An adaptation is a characteristic that improves an organism’s ability to survive and reproduce in its environment.

Question 21

What role do fungi play in ecosystems?

Answer 21

Fungi act as decomposers, breaking down dead organic matter and recycling nutrients.

Question 22

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a biotic factor? A) Water B) Temperature C) Plants D) Soil

Answer 22

C) Plants

Question 23

What is the difference between a habitat and a niche?

Answer 23

A habitat is where an organism lives, while a niche is the role or function of that organism in the ecosystem.

Question 24

Fill in the blank: __________ is the process by which plants convert sunlight into chemical energy.

Answer 24

Photosynthesis

Question 25

True or False: Invasive species can disrupt local ecosystems.

Answer 25

True

Question 26

What is the role of a herbivore in a food web?

Answer 26

Herbivores consume producers and transfer energy to higher trophic levels.

Question 27

What is ecological succession?

Answer 27

Ecological succession is the process of change in the species structure of an ecological community over time.

Question 28

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a secondary consumer? A) Grass B) Rabbit C) Fox D) Hawk

Answer 28

C) Fox

Question 29

What is a biome?

Answer 29

A biome is a large geographical biotic unit, a major community of plants and animals with similar life forms and environmental conditions.

Question 30

Fill in the blank: __________ are organisms that break down dead material and recycle nutrients back into the ecosystem.

Answer 30

Decomposers

Question 31

True or False: Energy is lost at each trophic level of a food chain.

Answer 31

True

Question 32

What is the significance of pollinators in ecosystems?

Answer 32

Pollinators are crucial for the reproduction of many plants, which supports food webs.

Question 33

What is meant by 'symbiosis'?

Answer 33

Symbiosis is a close and long-term interaction between two different species.

Question 34

Fill in the blank: In a food web, __________ are organisms that eat both plants and animals.

Answer 34

omnivores

Question 35

What is the primary cause of habitat destruction?

Answer 35

Human activities, such as deforestation, urbanization, and pollution.