1900-Present: WWI Flashcards
(13 cards)
What was happening before the war?
Before the war, there were growing nationalistic rivalries between nation states (like Germany and France due to the Franco-Prussian War of 1870) causing the idea that a war was brewing.
Alliances were made: Triple Entente (Allies: France, Britain, Russia) and the Triple Alliance (Germany, Austria-Hungry, Italy (will change to Allies later and Ottomans take place)
What was the “Shot that started it all”?
The killing of Archduke Frank Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary in Serbia (1914).
What happened after the murder of 1914?
The killing of Archduke Frank Ferdinand caused Austria-Hungary to declare war on Serbia which then caused Russia to join in. Due to Russia joining in, caused Germany to back up AH and France to help Russia.
What is the Schlieffen Plan?
1905, was the invasion to France that went through Belgium; this caused Britain to join the war to protect France
What was the US doing? Who was President during the time?
US was first neutral until 1917 where the US shifted away from isolation and joined the war; this happened due to the Lusitania killing of 100 US citizens due to German U-Boats, the Zimmerman Telegraph that stated that Germany wanted Mexico to join their side and attack the US.
US prez. was Woodrow Wilson
What type of warfare did they use?
Trench warfare was dominant
When did the Central powers give up?
1918
What was the Treaty of Versailles?
Declared 1919, it truly ended WWI. Made Germany pay up war reparations, give up territory, and lessen their army; which caused a growing resentment amongst the Germans (leading to WWII or rise of Hitler). It also split up Austria-Hungary.
During this Wilson also proposed the 14 points which advocated for a more peaceful approach to prevent future wars (no one liked) and made the League of Nations which was a major fail.
What led to the Russian Rev. of 1917?
-increasing casualties
-food shortages
these led to the fall of the Romanov rule
Who took over the Romanov rule?
Kerensky established a provisional government (an emergency government) with the contribution of soviets (local councils)
Lenin (the leader of the socialist parties) and the Bolsheviks (soviets that went into the socialist party) took over in 1918; their main goal at the time was to just get out of the war, so in the same year they signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk to make a truce with Germany.
What was happening during 1918-1921 in Russia?
There were a lot of counterrevolutions that caused the Bolsheviks to create the Red Army (basically a police force that regulated these counterrevolutions)
What did the Red Army cause? Who was it run by?
- distrust between the marxist state and the neighbor west since the western states advocated for the counterrevolutions
- the bolsheviks now had a strong Red army at their disposal
It was run by Trotsky.
What was the Duma?
A governmental group that was supposed to limit the power of the czar (made by nick II), this didn’t really end well since whenever the group criticized the czar, he would just dismiss them.
