1920-1945 Foreign Policy Flashcards
(33 cards)
what were 4 key aims out of wilsons 14?
self determination
free trade
disarmament
LoN
give 2 key reasons the usa rejected the TOV and didnt join the LoN?
poor treatment of germany (6.6m reparations initially)
didnt want to be dragged into european affairs
what was a direct consequence of the usa not joining the LoN?
LoN had no teeth to deal with aggression
USA became isolationist again
what did isolationism do for american economics in the 1920s especially, and what were the consequences of this?
emphasis on self sufficiency and exporting not importing (republican policies i.e. tariffs)
other countries retaliated to high tariffs and cut trade links with usa
give 3 examples of reps not being isolationist in the 20s?
-dawes plan 1924/young plan 1929
(both helped out germany with repayments)
-disarmament conferences (e.g. washington naval conference 1921-22)
-4 power treaty/9 power treaty
(accepted principle of open door policy towards china)
what was the name of fdr’s foreign policy towards latin america?
good neighbour policy
what did fdr do for cuba?
removed platt amendment (cuba back to cuba now)
by 1934 how many americans believed the usa should not have got involved in ww1 according to the NYE committee?
70%
when did italy invade Abyssinia?
1935
what was the reasons for the 1935 neutrality act?
prevent usa getting dragged into war through weapons supplying to allies
what was the reasons for the 1936 neutrality act?
against supplying of loans to belligerent nations
what were the reasons for the 1938 naval expansion act?
fdr wanted to get usa ready for war in the midst of rising tensions with europe/Japan now hitler and mussolini had allied with japan
what were the consequences of the 1938 naval expansion act?
20% increase in US navy
$525m granted for air defence
what was the 1937 panay incident and what was congress’ response?
US gunboat sank by japan near korea
congress was isolationist and accepted japans apology
when did japan sign the tripartite pact with germany and italy?
1940
what was the 1939 cash and carry clause?
fdr allowed ‘belligerents’ to be able to pay cash for materials from USA and carry them away in their own boats
name 4 countries the USA had trade agreements with under fdr?
colombia
brazil
haiti
honduras
what was stated in the 1939 neutrality act?
usa could sell to GB, but GB had to carry away in their own ships
when did fdr ask congress for $2b increase in spending, and what did this allow to be authorised?
jan 1940 mahattan project (nuke)
by how many votes did fdr win by in 1940, and what did this allow?
5m
mandate his policies
what was the 1941 lend lease act?
(designed to help gb especially)
allowed usa to lend/lease armaments, food etc if the need was believed to threaten US security
in april 1941 what was declared a neutral zone?
west atlantic
what was the august 1941 atlantic charter, and what backlash did it face?
fdr+churchill met in newfoundland to agree common war aims etc
isolationists (e.g. Lindbergh) rallied against US involvement in war
when was pearl harbour attacked?
7th december 1941
