1920-1945 ish- American

Question 1

What was the Emergency Banking Act

Answer 1

Closed all banks for 4 days - It gave the treasury the authority to investigate banks threatened with collapse and authorize the Reconstruction Finance Corporation to buy up their debts

Question 2

What was the Wagner Act

Answer 2

Trade Unions given the legal rights such as collective bargaining

Question 3

What was the Glass Stegel Act

Answer 3

Ensured bank deposits against bank failiures

Question 4

When and what was the Emergency Relief and Construction Act

Answer 4

1953- Authorised the RFC to lend up to $1.1bn to states to finance public works which could provide employment

Question 5

What was the revenue Act

Answer 5

Increased taxes to pay for New Deal reforms

Question 6

What was the Works Progress administration

Answer 6

Employed 30% of the workforce by 1940 through various schemes e.g. Fort Knox

Question 7

What was the Rural Electrification Act

Answer 7

Provided electricity to rural areas where it may not have been possible for private companies to do so

Question 8

What was Coolidge’s government known for

Answer 8

Laissez faire

Question 9

What was the Dawes and Young Plan

Answer 9

Dawes- Proposed a plan that Germany would make annual payments on reparations on a fixed scale.

Young- Scaled down reparation payments to $26bn to be paid over a period of 59 years

Question 10

Who attended the Washington Conference and why was the US so keen on the idea

Answer 10

Attended: US, GB, Japan, France, Italy
The US wanted to prevent the renewal of the Anglo- Japanese Alliance because the US feared the spread of Japanese influence in the far east

Question 11

How many states led by William Jennings Bryan decided to ban the teaching of Darwin’s theory of evolution in schools

Answer 11

6 US States

Question 12

When was Warren Harding President

Answer 12

1921-1923

Question 13

When was Hoover President

Answer 13

1929-1933

Question 14

What was the Federal Highway Act 1921

Answer 14

Gave responsibility for roadbuilding to central government and highways were being constructed at the rate of 10,000 miles per year by 1929

Question 15

What was the Literacy Act 1917

Answer 15

All foreigners wishing to enter the US had to take a literacy test. They had to prove they could read a short passage in English however many people could not afford to take English lessons and failed the test

Question 16

What was a key development to do with Technological change and why

Answer 16

Conveyor Belt and mass production techniques sped up industrial production productivity and led to greater profits

Question 17

When and what was the Smoot- Hawley Tarriff

Answer 17

1930- Highest tariff in US history with 40% on both individual and agricultural imports

Question 18

Who were the KKK against and by 1920 how many members were there

Answer 18

Against: Communists, Blacks, Jews, Catholics, All foreigners
by 1920 there were 100,000 members

Question 19

Why did the KKK decline

Answer 19

Declined after 1925 when one of the main leaders was arrested for sexually motivated murder

Question 20

When was the second New Deal

Answer 20

1935-1938

Question 21

What was the Sheppard- Towner Maternity Act

Answer 21

Provided federal aid to states to encourage them to build infant and maternity health centers

Question 22

Why was the KKK revived

Answer 22

After WW1 labor tensions increased as veterans tried to re-enter the workforce and in reaction the KKK membership increased

Question 23

When and why did Immigrants become less welcome

Answer 23

After 1900 because they provided competition for jobs and brought different customs and attitudes

Question 24

When and what were the Liberty Leagers

Answer 24

Founded in 1934
Believed that the free market being unregulated was the best means of ensuring lasting economic recovery

Question 25

When was the return to normalcy

Answer 25

1919-1932

Question 26

When was the disarmament agreement signed and what did the countries agree to do

Answer 26

Signed in 1922 - Each country agreed to reduce the tonnage of battleships for 10 years

Question 27

What were the reasons for the Second New Deal

Answer 27

Roosevelt needed to respond to the demands of his more radical supporters -Wanted to appeal to the less advantaged in the South -Frustrated by big businesses who opposed him

Question 28

When was the First New Deal

Answer 28

1933-1935

Question 29

When was what was the Teapot Dome Scandal

Answer 29

1922- Secret leasing of federal oil reserves

Question 30

When was Calvin Coolidge President

Answer 30

1924-1928

Question 31

When was the Monkey Trail and what did it show

Answer 31

1925- Showed the great difference between the beliefs of rural and urban America at the time

Question 32

What was the first Commercial radio station

Answer 32

KDKA- 1920

Question 33

When were women given the Vote

Answer 33

1920

Question 34

What was the reason for consumerism

Answer 34

There was an increased demand for consumer goods Growth of electrical power led to a more widespread use of electrical goods

Question 35

Who created the Share Our Wealth Scheme and what did it do

Answer 35

Huey Long- Proposed: Every family should be guaranteed an income of 2000, 3000 per year Government should fund pensions and introduce a minimum wage

Question 36

What did the Agricultural Adjustment Agency do

Answer 36

Paid farmers to produce less- It hoped this would solve the problem of overproduction and see a rise in prices

Question 37

What was the Social Securities Act

Answer 37

Increased old age pensions -Unemployment benefit of $18 a week was offered for a limited period of 16 weeks

Question 38

When was the Federal Emergency Relief Administration set up and what did it do

Answer 38

Set up in May 1933 Giver $500 million divided equally among states to provide support for the unemployed

Question 39

What was the Civilian Conservations Corps

Answer 39

Gave young men a job in conservation in national parks, forests and public lands By 1935 it had 500,000 recruits

Question 40

Why was the development of electricity fundamental to advancement

Answer 40

Provided cheaper, more reliable and flexible form of power for factories and other industries

Question 41

What was the Fordney-Mc Cumber tariff

Answer 41

Raised import duties on goods coming into the USA to the highest level ever, - This was to protect American Industry and encourage Americans to buy home produced goods

Question 42

What was protectionism

Answer 42

Republican governments put tariffs on imported goods in order to limit the competition from foreign imports

Question 43

What is rugged individualism

Answer 43

A term used by republican presidents such as Hoover who believed that people achieved success by their own hard work

Question 44

When and what was the Kellogg- Briand pact

Answer 44

1928 Stated that countries could not wage war except in self defense and to seek peaceful means to resolve dispute - Signed by 15 different countries

Question 45

What was a limitation of the Washington Conference

Answer 45

- It imposed no limits on the size of armies or air forces - There was no method of enforcement and no consequences if a country broke the agreement

Question 46

When did the Supreme Court find several pieces of the New Deal Unconstitutional

Answer 46

May 1935- 'Black Monday'

Question 47

What was the National Recovery Administration

Answer 47

Facilitated industrial recovery and companies were encouraged to agree to codes establishing: - Working Conditions -Product Standards

Question 48

When was F.D.R President

Answer 48

1933-1945

Question 49

When and what was the Federal Home Loan Act

Answer 49

1932- Intended to save mortgages by making credit easier Loan banks were set up to help loan associations provide mortgages

Question 50

What was the Public Works Administration

Answer 50

Hoped that the expenditure on public works such as road building would stimulate the economy and create permanent jobs however many went back on relief when their contracts ended