1945-1949: Truman Doctrine

Question 1

Context in Turkey

Answer 1

At Tehran Churchill promised Stalin access to sea routes
USSR assumed a base in Dardanelle Straits
Turkey askes Britain for help
August 1946: USA warned attack on Turkey will bring UN action
USA sent an aircraft carrier in Istanbul to threaten USSR

Question 2

Context in Greece

Answer 2

After WW2 country split between those who want to remain in West and those who want to join Eastern bloc
UK props unpopular monarchy
Communist oppose monarchy
February 1947 UK told USA cannot remain
USA offer funds (ends their isolationism)
Br/US ensure Greece remains Western

Question 3

When was the Truman Doctrine

Answer 3

Announced in March 1947

Question 4

What was significant about the Truman Doctrine

Answer 4

Approved $400 million in aid for Greece + Turkey
Established containment
Establish a bi-polar world view

Question 5

Motives for the Truman Doctrine

Answer 5

Prevent Soviet aid in the Greek Civil War
Response to Soviet expansion in East Europe
Demonise USSR and communism to American public
Truman provoke USSR and create a common enemy

Question 6

Overall how was the Truman Doctrine positive

Answer 6

Move to protect freedom and democracy from aggressive communists
Truman fear of reived isolationism from Congress so exaggerated Soviet threat

Question 7

Overall how was the Truman Doctrine negative

Answer 7

Divide world into bipolar world view
Spread myth that USSR was military expansionism
Supported repressive government

Question 8

How did the Soviet respond to the Truman Doctrine

Answer 8

September 1947 Cominform and the Zhdanov Doctrine

Question 9

How did Stalin view the Truman Doctrine

Answer 9

Saw that FDR + Churchill are going against their agreements such as Turkey and spheres of influence.
Sees the world is trying to eradicate Communism

Question 10

What was the Zhdanov Doctrine

Answer 10

Andrei Zhdanov was a soviet leader that had the view the US wanted to establish an anti-Soviet empire based on economy