1945-1982 Flashcards
(17 cards)
What is the United Nations?
An international organization established in 1945 after World War II to promote peace, security, and cooperation among nations. Canada has been an active member since its inception.
Who was Igor Gouzenko?
A Soviet defector in 1945 who exposed a Soviet spy ring operating in Canada. His revelations marked the beginning of the Cold War in Canada.
What was the Cold War?
A period of political and ideological tension between the United States and the Soviet Union from 1947 to 1991, marked by proxy wars and an arms race.
What was the Warsaw Pact?
A military alliance formed in 1955 between the Soviet Union and its Eastern Bloc allies to counter NATO.
What is NORAD?
A Canada-U.S. joint air defense organization established in 1958 to monitor and protect North American airspace.
What is NATO?
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization, formed in 1949 as a military alliance between Western nations to counter Soviet influence during the Cold War. Canada was a founding member.
What was the Baby Boom?
A period of increased birth rates from 1946 to 1964 following World War II, significantly impacting Canada’s population growth and economy.
What is the Bill of Rights?
A 1960 document that outlined fundamental rights and freedoms for Canadians, laying the groundwork for future human rights protections.
What was the impact of the Baby Boomers on Canada?
Baby boomers led to rapid population growth, a strain on social services, and shaped Canada’s workforce and economy.
What was the Avro Arrow?
A Canadian-designed supersonic jet fighter cancelled in 1959, symbolizing a lost opportunity in Canadian aerospace technology.
What was Lester Pearson’s role in the Suez Crisis?
Canadian Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson won the Nobel Peace Prize for his role in resolving the Suez Crisis (1956) by proposing the first United Nations peacekeeping force.
What was the Quiet Revolution?
A period of intense social, cultural, and political change in Quebec during the 1960s, marked by secularization and calls for more autonomy.
What was the October Crisis?
Involved the FLQ’s kidnapping of politicians in 1970, leading to the use of the War Measures Act and reflecting rising tensions.
How did the views of francophones change during the Quiet Revolution and October Crisis?
Francophones increasingly viewed themselves as distinct and sought more political power.
How did Canada deal with international issues during this period?
Canada adopted a peacekeeping role in international conflicts, emphasized multilateral diplomacy, and supported the United Nations.
The Sixties Scoop
A practice in the 1960s-1980s where Indigenous children were forcibly removed from their families and placed in non-Indigenous foster homes or adopted, causing significant cultural loss.
Japanese Internment
During World War II, Japanese Canadians were forcibly removed from their homes and placed in internment camps due to fear of espionage and prejudice after Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor. Properties and belongings were confiscated, leading to lasting injustice.
