Protein Synthesis Inhibitors

Question 1

MOA of Aminoglycosides?

Answer 1

Blocks initiation of translation by blocking Metf tRNA to P site. Induces frameshift mutation.

Cidal

Question 2

Resistance to aminoglycosides?

Answer 2

Conjugation inactivates (adenylylation, acetylation)

Question 3

name five aminoglycosides?

Answer 3

Gentamycin
Neomycin
Amikacin
Tobramycin
Streptomycin

Question 4

SE’s of Mean GNATS?

Answer 4

NOT
nephrotoxic, neuromuscular blockade
ototoxic
teratogen
dose dependent (hence given only once daily)

Question 5

On what group of bacteria do aminoglycosides not work?

Answer 5

Anaerobes. oxygen dependent uptake of drug

Question 6

MOA of tetracyclines?

Answer 6

Blocks binding of aminoacyl tRNA to the A site

Question 7

MOR to tetracyclines?

Answer 7

activation of efflux pumps

Question 8

Use of tatracyclines?

Answer 8

Chlamydia,
Mycoplasma
Ricketsia, Borrelia, Treponema
H pylori
Brucella
Vibrio
Acne

Question 9

Tetracycline with high concentration in prostate and liver metabolism?

Answer 9

Doxycycline

Question 10

drug stays in saliva tears, dental applications

Answer 10

Monocycline

Question 11

Why are tetracycline not taken with food?

Answer 11

they chelate Ca and Fe reducing the absorption

Question 12

Major side effects of tetracyclines?

Answer 12

enamel discoloration, phototoxicity, contraindicated in pregnancy

Question 13

Tetracycline used to treat SIADH?

Answer 13

demeclocycline blocks ADH receptor

Question 14

Drug that inhibits translocation of peptidyl tRNA (50s) and is not a macrolide?

Answer 14

Chloramphnicol

Question 15

Metabolism of Chloramphenicol

Answer 15

P450

Question 16

Two SEs of Chloramphenicol

Answer 16

bone marrow suppression
Grey baby syndrome
(neonatal lack of glucuronosyl transferase)

Question 17

DOC for Legionella

Answer 17

Macrolides

Question 18

Drug that inhibits translocation of peptidyl tRNA (50s) and DOC for community acquired pneumonia?

Answer 18

Macrolides

Question 19

Erythromycin is what class?

Answer 19

macrolide “thro”

Question 20

class of Azithromycin?

Answer 20

macrolide “thro”

Question 21

Class of clarithromycin?

Answer 21

macrolide “thro”

Question 22

metabolism of macrolides?

Answer 22

P450

Question 23

MOR for macrolides?

Answer 23

methylation of RNA bases disrupts binding to 50s

Question 24

biggest side effect of macrolides?

Answer 24

Increased GI motility.

causes people to “thro” up.

Question 25

Class of Clindamycin

Answer 25

It’s own class. Not a macrolide although same mechanism.

Question 26

Clindamycin is useful in what anatomical infection?

Answer 26

bone infections, osteomyelitis

Question 27

SE of clindamycin

Answer 27

C diff pseudomembranous collitis

Question 28

Drug used on VRSA, VRE?

Answer 28

linezolid or streptogramins

Question 29

MOA of linezolid?

Answer 29

binds 50s and inhibits association of 30s

Question 30

SE of linezolid?

Answer 30

bone marrow suppression

thrombocytopenia

Question 31

Name both streptogramins?

Answer 31

Quinipristin

Dalfopristin

Question 32

MOA of streptogramins?

Answer 32

binds 50s and prevents tRNA from binding acceptor site