Ear PDx Flashcards

1
Q

What are the most common infectious and non-infectious causes of ear pain?

A

Infectious: otitis media, otitis externa
Non-infectious: foreign body, barotrauma

*Upon abnormal ear examination

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2
Q

What are the most common causes of epistaxis?

A
  • Disruption of the nasal mucosa - local trauma, dry environment, forceful blowing, etc.
  • Facial trauma
  • Scars and damage from previous nosebleeds that reopen and bleed
  • Intranasal medications or recreational drugs
  • Hypertension and/or arteriosclerosis
  • Anticoagulant medications
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3
Q

Types of nosebleeds?

A

Anterior: usually due to nasal mucosal dryness in younger populations; treat with localized digital pressure for 15-20 minutes, if it doesn’t stop cauterize with silver nitrate, nasal pack for refractory epistaxis, or collagen absorbable hemostat
Posterior: usually in older people due to more systemic reasons; treat with balloon type epistaxis devices, foley catheter or other traditional posterior packs may be necessary

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