Ch.15 Bone Vocabulary

Question 1

acetabulum

Answer 1

rounded depression or socket in the pelvis that joins the femur forming the hip bone

Question 2

acromion

Answer 2

outward extension of shoulder blade forming the point of the shoulder. Overlies the shoulder and articulates with the clavicle.

Question 3

articular cartilage

Answer 3

thin layer of cartilage covering the bone in the joint space

Question 4

bone depression

Answer 4

opening or hollow region serving as connection for bones or passageways for blood vessels and nerves. Examples: fissure, foramen, fossa, sinus

Question 5

calcium

Answer 5

mineral constituent of bone

Question 6

cancellous bone

Answer 6

spongy porous bone tissue in inner part of bone

Question 7

cartilage

Answer 7

flexible, rubbery connective tissue, found in immature skeleton, epiphyseal growth plate and on joint surfaces

Question 8

collagen

Answer 8

dense connective tissue found in bone and other tissue

Question 9

compact bone

Answer 9

hard dense bone tissue found around outer portion of bone

Question 10

cranial bones

Answer 10

skull bones: ethmoid, frontal, occipital, parietal, sphenoid, temporal

Question 11

diaphysis

Answer 11

shaft of long bone

Question 12

disk

Answer 12

flat, round, plate-like structure. intervertebral disk is fibrocartilaginous substance between 2 vertebra

Question 13

epiphyseal plate

Answer 13

cartilaginous area at the ends of long bones where lengthwise growth takes place in the immature skeleton

Question 14

epiphysis

Answer 14

each end of a long bone;

the area beyond the epiphyseal plate

Question 15

facial bones

Answer 15

larcimal
mandibular
maxillary
nasal
vomer
zygomatic

Question 16

fontanelle

Answer 16

soft spot (incomplete bone formation) between skull bones of an infant

Question 17

foramen magnum

Answer 17

opening of the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes

Question 18

haversian canal

Answer 18

minute spaces filled with blood vessels, found in compact bone

Question 19

ligament

Answer 19

fibrous tissue connecting bones to other bones

Question 20

malleolus

Answer 20

round process on both side of the ankle joint.
lateral malleolus is part of the fibula
medial malleolus is part of the tibia

Question 21

manubrium

Answer 21

upper portion of the sternum, articulates with the medial aspect of the clavicle

Question 22

mastoid process

Answer 22

round projection on the temporal bone behind the ear

Question 23

medullary cavity

Answer 23

central hollowed out area in the shaft of a long bone

Question 24

metaphysis

Answer 24

flared portion of a long bone, between the diaphysis and the epiphyseal plate
meta means between in this phrase

Question 25

olecranon

Answer 25

large process on the proximal end of the ulna

the point of the flexed elbow

Question 26

orthopedist

Answer 26

medical doctor who specializes in bone, joint, and muscle conditions

Question 27

osseous tissue

Answer 27

bone tissue

Question 28

ossification

Answer 28

process of bone formation

Question 29

osteoblast

Answer 29

bone cell that helps form bony tissue

Question 30

osteoclast

Answer 30

bone cell that absorbs and removes unwanted bony tissue

Question 31

periosteum

Answer 31

membrane surrounding bones, rich in blood vessels and nerve tissue

Question 32

phosphorus

Answer 32

mineral substance found in bones in combination with calcium

Question 33

physiatrist

Answer 33

medical doctor specializing in rehabilitation

Question 34

pubic symphysis

Answer 34

area of confluence of the two pubic bones in the pelvis, joined together by a fibrocartilaginous disk

Question 35

red bone marrow

Answer 35

found in cancellous bone, site of hematopoiesis

Question 36

ribs

Answer 36

true ribs - first 7 pairs
false ribs - pairs 8-10
floating ribs - pairs 11-12

Question 37

sella turcica

Answer 37

depression in the sphenoid bone where the pituitary gland is located

Question 38

sinus

Answer 38

hollow air cavity within bone

Question 39

styloid process

Answer 39

pole-like process extending downward from the temporal bone on each side of the skull

Question 40

suture

Answer 40

immovable joint between bones, such as the skull

Question 41

temporomandibular joint

Answer 41

connection on either side of the head between the temporal bone of the skull and the mandibular bone of the jar

Question 42

tendon

Answer 42

fibrous connective tissue connecting muscles and bone

Question 43

trabeculae

Answer 43

supporting bundles of bony fibers in the cancellous (spongy) bone

Question 44

vertebra

Answer 44

individual segment of the spine composed of the vertebral body, vertebral arch, spinous process, transverse process, and lamina, enclosing the neural canal

Question 45

xiphoid process

Answer 45

lower, narrow portion of the sternum

Question 46

yellow bone marrow

Answer 46

fatty tissue found in the medullary cavity of most adult long bones