Ch 18 Major Endocrine Glands

Question 1

adrenal cortex

Answer 1

outer section (cortex) of each adrenal gland; secretes cortisol, aldosterone, and sex hormones

Question 2

adrenal medulla

Answer 2

inner section (medulla) of each adrenal gland; secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 3

ovaries

Answer 3

located in the lower abdomen of a female; responsible for egg production and estrogen and progesterone secretion

Question 4

pancreas

Answer 4

located behind the stomach. Islet (alpha and beta) cells (islets of Langerhans) secrete hormones from the pancreas; Pancreas also contains cells that are exocrine in function; secrete enzyme into small intestine to aid digestion

Question 5

parathyroid glands

Answer 5

four small glands on the posterior of the thyroid gland; some people have 3-5 parathyroid glands

Question 6

pituitary gland

hypophysis

Answer 6

located at the base of the brain in the sella turcica; composed of an anterior lobe (adenohypophysis) and a posterior lobe (neurohypophysis); Weighs 1/16 of an ounce and less than half an inch across

Question 7

testes

Answer 7

two glands enclosed in the scrotal sac of males; responsible for sperm production and testosterone secretion

Question 8

thyroid gland

Answer 8

located in the neck on either side of the trachea; secretes thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and calcitonin