1A-Basic Fxns of GI

Question 1

How long is the GI tube?

Answer 1

30ft!

Question 2

What are the two linings of the GI tract?

Answer 2

1. Epithelium 2.Muscle (smooth mainly, little bit of skeletal)

Question 3

What are the three components of the Small Intestine? (in order of occurrence)

Answer 3

DOW JONES INDUSTRIAL! Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum)

Question 4

What are the five components of the Large Intestine? (in order of occurrence)

Answer 4

Cecum, Ascending, Transverse, Descending, and Sigmoid Colons

Question 5

What is the MAIN function of the GI Tract?

Answer 5

To SEPARATE! the stuff we eat into nutrients and waste

Question 6

What are the four mechanisms used by the GI tract to do its job?

Answer 6

1.Motility 2.Secretion 3.Digestion 4.Absorption

Question 7

_________ in the walls of the GI tract maintains a constant low level of contractions known as ____.

Answer 7

Smooth Muscle….tone

Question 8

What is another name/an example of smooth muscle “tone”?

Answer 8

Bowel Sounds!

Question 9

______ is important in maintaining a steady pressure on the contents of the GI tract as well as in preventing its walls from remaining permanently stretched following distention.

Answer 9

Tone

Question 10

Big Concept here! What are the three basic types of motility?

Answer 10

1. Peristalsis 2. Segmentation 3. Tonic Contractions

Question 11

Peristalsis is completely dependent on _________ contractions of smooth muscle.

Answer 11

involuntary

Question 12

Which direction does peristalsis act?

Answer 12

Peristalsis propels contents FORWARD

Question 13

Which type of motility promotes mechanical digestion of food?

Answer 13

Segmentation

Question 14

Which type of motility facilitates absorption by exposing all portions of the intestinal contents to the absorbing surfaces of the GI tract?

Answer 14

Segmentation

Question 15

Segmentation is completely dependent on ______ contractions of smooth muscle.

Answer 15

involuntary

Question 16

What are the structures used in tonic contraction?

Answer 16

Sphincters

Question 17

Tonic Contraction (sphincters) are completely dependent on _________ contractions of smooth muscle

Answer 17

involuntary

Question 18

What are the 7 sphincters we discussed?

Answer 18

1.Upper Espohageal Sphincter (UES) 2.Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES) 3.Pyloric 4.Ileocecal 5.Internal Anal Sphincter 6.External Anal Sphincter 7. Sphincter of Oddi

Question 19

What regulates movement of contents of the common bile duct into the duodenum?

Answer 19

Sphincter of Oddi

Question 20

What are the two VOLUNTARY control points in the GI tract?

Answer 20

1.mouth/UES 2.EXTERNAL anal sphincter

Question 21

How much total fluid is produced by the body in a day?

Answer 21

9L (holy crap!)

Question 22

How much saliva is produced daily?

Answer 22

1.5 L

Question 23

How much gastric juice is produced daily?

Answer 23

2.5L

Question 24

How much bile is produced daily?

Answer 24

0.5L

Question 25

How much pancreatic juice is produced daily?

Answer 25

1.5L

Question 26

How much intestinal secretion is produced daily?

Answer 26

1.0 L

Question 27

How much MUCUS is produced daily?

Answer 27

2.0 L (WOW)

Question 28

What is the underlying mechanism of chemical digestion?

Answer 28

Hydrolysis

Question 29

What are the enzymes secreted by entercytes of the GI tract?

Answer 29

Brush Border Enzymes

Question 30

What two locations does chemical digestion mainly occur?

Answer 30

Small Intestine & Stomach

Question 31

Of the 9L of fluid produced daily, how much ends up in the stool?

Answer 31

Only 100ml (1.11%)

Question 32

What are the two problems for the GI tract to solve?

Answer 32

1.Recycling 8.9L of fluid 2.Recognition of specific nutrients

Question 33

The ________ is a slick serous membrane of the abdominopelvic cavity.

Answer 33

peritoneum

Question 34

The _________ covers the external surfaces of most digestive organs and is continuous with the __________ that lines the walls of the abdominopelvic cavity.

Answer 34

visceral peritoneum.......parietal peritoneum

Question 35

Between the two peritoneums is the ________, a slit-like space containing _________ secreted by the two membranes. The _____ fluid lubricates the mobile digestive organs, allowing them to glide easily across one another as they carry out their activities.

Answer 35

peritoneal cavity....peritoneal fluid....serous

Question 36

What is inflammation of the peritoneum?

Answer 36

Peritonitis

Question 37

What is the accumulation of peritoneal fluid?

Answer 37

Ascites (swelling) "Ass-eye-tee's"

Question 38

What is the apron of fat tissue hanging loosely from the transverse colon and the small intestine? What is the function of this structure?

Answer 38

the Greater Omentum...Fuel for organs (peristalsis, segmentation, and tonic contraction)

Question 39

What is the peritoneal fold found in between the small intestine that anchors it to the posterior abdominal wall?

Answer 39

Mesentary