What neurotransmitter is released by the striatum? To what structures?
GABA - to GPe/GPi & GABA to Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata
What neurotransmitter is released by the Globus Pallidus external? To what structure?
GABA to Subthalamic Nucleus
What neurotransmitter is released by the Globus Pallidus internal? To what structure?
GABA to Thalamus
What neurotransmitter is released by the Subthalamic Nucleus?
Glutamate to GPi
What is the GPi normally doing to the Thalamus?
tonic inhibition
What is the GPe normally doing to the Subthalamic Nucleus?
tonic inhibition
What is the Substantia Nigra Reticulata normally doing to the Superior Colliculus?
tonic inhibition
What neurotransmitter does the Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata release? To what?
GABA to Superior Colliculus & Thalamus
What neurotransmitter does the Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta release? To what?
Dopamine to Striatum
What neurotransmitters are Striatum interneurons secreting?
Acetylcholine
What is the Direct Pathway?
corticostriatal cells –> striatum –> GPi : disinhibition of thalamus & movement is initiated
What is the Indirect Pathway?
corticaostriatal cells –> striatum –> GPe : disinhibition of Subthalamic Nucleus –> GPi : inhibition of Thalamus
What is the Nigrostriatal Pathway?
SNcompacta –> striatum –> [direct pathway] (GPi : disinhibition of thalamus & movement initiated)
What is the Striatonigral Pathway?
cortocstriatal cells –> striatum –> SNr : Disinhibition of Superior Colliculus resulting in saccadic eye movement (rapid, jerky eye movement)
What is the Hyperdirect Pathway?
corticostriatal cells –> subthalamic nucleus –> GPi : inhibition of Thalamus (enhancing indirect pathway)
What does the direct pathway do?
initiate movement
What does the indirect pathway do?
inhibit movement
What does the nigrostriatal pathway do?
lowers threshold fo rmovement
What does the striatonigral pathway do?
control saccadic eye movement
What does the hyperdirect pathway do?
facilitates indirect pathway
