1F - Fungi

Question 1

Fungi

Answer 1

spore-producing eukaryotic organisms that feed on organic matter; NOT PLANTS

Question 2

Mycology

Answer 2

The study of fungi

Question 3

Saprophytic Fungi

Answer 3

“Garbage disposers/Recyclers” main source of food is dead and decaying organic matter; secrete digestive enzymes onto dead matter and decompose material to absorb nutrients

Question 4

Parasitic Fungi

Answer 4

living on and within animals and plants; cannot make its own food so it is dependent on its host

Question 5

Beneficial Fungi

Answer 5

attributed to the production of cheeses, beer, wine, and other foods and drugs

Question 6

Fungi Features

Answer 6

eukaryotic, present & membrane-bound, chitin, reproduction

Question 7

Unicellular Fungi

Answer 7

spores (BUDDING), pseudohyphae (chains of easily disrupted fungal cells marked by CONSTRICTIONS)

Question 8

Multicellular Fungi

Answer 8

cell wall (CHITIN), hyphae (tubular filaments EXTRACELLULAR DIGESTION), mycelium (branched network of hyphae), spores (sexual/asexual reproduction)

Question 9

Septate Hyphae

Answer 9

contains septa (divides the hypha), allows passage and exchange

Question 10

Aseptate Hyphae

Answer 10

without septum; continuous

Question 11

Asexual Reproduction

Answer 11

CONIDIA, simple cell division or mitosis

Question 12

Sexual Reproduction

Answer 12

fusion of two gametes or the fusion of two nuclei

Question 13

Yeasts

Answer 13

eukaryotic single-celled (unicellular) that lack mycelia; reproduce by budding

Question 14

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Answer 14

“baker’s yeast”, ferments sugar to alcohol, leavening agent

Question 15

Candida albicans

Answer 15

opportunistic yeast; lives on skin, mouth, GIT, GUT

immunocompromised state leads to yeast infections

Question 16

molds

Answer 16

seen in water, soil, food; multicellular and grow in form of hyphae (AERIAL above surface, VEGETATIVE beneath), asexual/sexual reproduction, penicillin

Question 17

dimorphic fungi

Answer 17

can live as yeasts or molds; body temp 37° (yeasts) room temp 25° (molds)

Question 18

Histoplasma capsulatum

Answer 18

causes histoplasmosis; bats, birds and caves

“Curse of Tutankhamen” - lung infection

Question 19

fleshy fungi

Answer 19

encountered in forests, mushrooms (mycelium)

Question 20

direct skin contact

Answer 20

direct contact w/ infected host

Question 21

indirect contact

Answer 21

fomites

Question 22

inhalation

Answer 22

fungal spores

Question 23

tissue damage

Answer 23

direct invasion of tissue, displacement and destruction of vital structures, inflammatory response

Question 24

invasion

Answer 24

mechanical destruction of tissues & obstruction of flow of fluids

Question 25

mycosis

Answer 25

fungal infection of humans

Question 26

superficial mycoses

Answer 26

affects the outermost areas (hair, fingernails, toenails, epidermis, dermis); caused by MOLDS

Question 27

Pityriasis versicolor / Tinea versicolor

Answer 27

Malassezia furfur (Spaghetti and meatballs) hypo/hyperpigmentation in skin usually on back or chest

Question 28

Tinea infections/Dermatophytosis/Ringworm

Answer 28

Dermatophytes circular lesions, worm lays coiled beneath skin

Question 29

Tinea corporis

Answer 29

ringworm of the body

Question 30

Tinea capitis

Answer 30

ringworm of the scalp

Question 31

Tinea barbae

Answer 31

ringworm of the beard

Question 32

Tinea faciei

Answer 32

ringworm of the face

Question 33

Tinea manuum

Answer 33

ringworm of the hand

Question 34

Tinea cruris

Answer 34

jock itch (groin)

Question 35

Tinea pedis

Answer 35

athlete’s foot

Question 36

Tinea unguium

Answer 36

nail fungus

Question 37

2 types of Deep Mycoses

Answer 37

Subcutaneous and Sytemic

Question 38

Subcutaneous mycoses

Answer 38

more severe, fungal infections, grotesque in appearance

Question 39

Sprotrichosis “rose gardener’s disease”

Answer 39

Sporothrix schenckii occurs on hand or arm after touching contaminated plant matter (can become systemic) small painless bump, grows larger, becomes open sore/ulcer that’s very slow to heal

Question 40

Mycetomas “Madura foot”

Answer 40

Eumycetoma mold chronic granulomatous infection (feet, hands, other areas) causes masses under skin, eventually affects underlying bone

Question 41

sytemic mycoses

Answer 41

fungal infections of internal organs of the body affecting two or more different organ systems simultaneously (common; bloodstream & resp system)

Question 42

Pneumocystis pneumonia

Answer 42

Pneumocystis jirovecii opportunistic pathogen acquired by those w/ weakened immune system (rare in healthy people)

Question 43

Aspergillosis

Answer 43

Aspergillus (mold) opportunistic pathogen acquired by those w/ weakened immune system, FUNGUS BALL