1st Exam. Part 4. DRUGS used

Question 1

continuous use will result in TREMORS

Answer 1

Ketamine

Question 2

_____;______ has fast onset but in cats, it is seldom used because they lack an enzyme for glucuronidation

Answer 2

procaine; propofol (parakeets)

Question 3

avoid these (2) in cats due to their high sensitivity that cause severe excitement, convulsions, and tremors

Answer 3

1. morphine
2. meperidine

Question 4

avoid this in horses

Answer 4

acetylpromazine

Question 5

this cause slow recovery for greyhounds

Answer 5

thiobarbiturates

Question 6

diuretic for cerebral edema

Answer 6

mannitol

Question 7

time of administration depends on the route (PO, IM, IV)

Answer 7

Prophylactic antibiotics

Question 8

Give the duration:

Analgesics
PO:
IM:
IV:

Answer 8

PO: 3 hrs (not preferred)
IM: 30 minutes
IV: Right before surgery

Question 9

anesthetic consideration for GERIATRIC patients

Answer 9

Xylazine

Question 10

anesthetic consideration for PREGNANT patients

Answer 10

long acting baribiturates
- phenobarbital (Luminal)
- primidone
- mephobarbital (Mebaral)

Question 11

anesthetic consideration for AVIAN / REPTILES

Answer 11

gas anesthesia (ISOFLURANE) – required

Question 12

sheep & goats are SENSITIVE to

Answer 12

Xylazine

Question 13

(2) reversal drugs

Answer 13

1. yohimbine
2. atepamezole

Question 14

replace blood post-operation

Answer 14

Albumen (protein)

Question 15

this type of antibiotics is given for 5- 7 days

Answer 15

Systemic antibiotics

Question 16

to prevent dead space

Answer 16

seroma bodily fluids (in dead space)

Question 17

For superficial wounds only (skin)

Answer 17

Chlorhexidine 0.3%

2-5% is for sterilization of instruments (10-12 mins)

Question 18

it could delay wound healing for longer periods of time (7-10 days);

ideal : 5 days

Answer 18

Povidone iodine (7.5%)

Question 19

0.5 % Sodium hydrogen chloride
(1:9 bleach/detergent to sodium chloride ratio)

may kill neutrophils

Answer 19

Dakin’s solution

Question 20

used as a storage or dilution buffer for RNA and DNA

a useful adjunct in treating equine genital infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Answer 20

Tris EDTA

Question 21

(cytotoxic): used in cases for spore forming bacteria:
1) Clostridium
2) Bacillus

Answer 21

Hydrogen peroxide (cytotoxic)

Question 22

active ; used when tetanus toxoid is given prior to procedure (IM)

Answer 22

Tetanus toxoid

Question 23

passive ;

often given if the animal did not receive tart us toxoid prior to surgery;

skin test should be performed before injection (IM);

may cause anaphylactic reaction or acute hepatic disease in horses

Answer 23

Tetanus serum

Question 24

normal saline solution used for fluid loss

Answer 24

crystalloids

Question 25

blood volumizer / expander (ex. albumen protein) used for fluid loss

Answer 25

colloids

Question 26

selectively removes non-viable tissues, fine debridement, indicated in patients with increases anesthesia patients

Answer 26

Enzymatic (trypsin & chymotrypsin)

Question 27

a passive drainage used as a guide where fluid from dead space would exit

Answer 27

Penrose drain

Question 28

antibiotics for control of bacterial growth - direct application: high level in wounds quickly - Ineffective when applied 4 hours or more after injury Not effective against Clostridium sp

Answer 28

Topical

Question 29

more water than oil (used for WET wounds)

Answer 29

Cream

Question 30

more oil than water (used for drier wound; longer action)

Answer 30

Ointment

Question 31

anti-myiasis & anti-septic a combinex, to prevent fly attraction

Answer 31

Diclopenthione

Question 32

provided for patients with KIDNEY problems

Answer 32

Doxycycline

Question 33

should not be used in animals with neurogenic signs (NEUROTOXIC)

Answer 33

Aminoglycosides

Question 34

should not be given with milk or iron due to possible CHELATION

Answer 34

Doxycycline

Question 35

drugs that should not be given together

Answer 35

Tetracycline and Penicillin (bacteriostatic and bactericidal)

Question 36

used for gas sterilization (bactericidal and sporicidal); Flammable and Expensive

Answer 36

Ethylene oxide

Question 37

for cold chemical sterilization (3) - Do not dull sharp instruments - Effective in smooth and hard surfaces - Affected by dilution and ineffective against spores

Answer 37

1. Povidone iodine 3% 2. Chlorhexidine 3. Gutaraldehyde

Question 38

most effective in 10 hours but needs to be washed after, else, it could damage tissue

Answer 38

Glutaraldehyde

Question 39

- is applied to sterile gauze pads/instruments - applied on surgical sites with "friction" - are not wiped off but are allowed to dry

Answer 39

Germicide

Question 40

example of germicide mixtures

Answer 40

1) Alcohol + Chlorhexidine 2) Alcohol + Povidone Iodine (inactivated by organic material)