2 Flashcards

(12 cards)

1
Q

drug definition

A

chemical substance that causes a change in an organism physiological or phycology when consumed

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2
Q

herbal medicine definition

A

contain plants and may have positive therapeutic effect

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3
Q

natural product definition

A

a synthetically produced compound which is analytically identical to the naturally occurring compound

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4
Q

5 characteristics of herbal

A
  • contains plant/plant extract
  • contains many compounds
  • only some compounds have a positive therapeutic effect
  • activity typically much lower than pharmaceutical as API diluted by other compounds
    -BP regulates quality not efficacy
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5
Q

4 characteristics of pharmaceutical

A
  • contains purified compound
  • may have 2-3 compounds
  • all API have an effect
  • activity which and depend on dosage
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6
Q

is drug discovery cheap, what 2 things does it rely on and 2 ways they start

A
  • expensive
  • so usually relies on methodical practical approached or observing unexplained beneficial effects
  • clues taken from history or screening can be used to identify products
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7
Q

what is screening

A

involve testing of compounds against particulate biological targets

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8
Q

3 types of screening

A
  1. extensive screening
  2. randoms screening
  3. high-throughput screening
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9
Q

what is extensive screening and when do you use it , why would you use it

A
  • new chemical entity which is screened against a variety of bio targets
  • when you don’t know what a compound does
    -many compounds require more effort to obtain so its worth spending money to see if they do anything, screen against a range of targets
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10
Q

what is random screening and when use

A
  • therapeutic object is fixed
  • thousands of compounds tested against a small number of screens
  • have target in bind and throw a library of compounds to see if anything works
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11
Q

2 benefits of a semi-synthetic route and what type of chemistry does it use

A
  • reduces production costs significantly
  • as the natural compound act as a starting point
  • uses protecting group chemistry
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12
Q

what is a protecting group

A

a protecting group is a group attached a group/atom to prevent it from reacting and is easily removed

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