2 Flashcards
(12 cards)
drug definition
chemical substance that causes a change in an organism physiological or phycology when consumed
herbal medicine definition
contain plants and may have positive therapeutic effect
natural product definition
a synthetically produced compound which is analytically identical to the naturally occurring compound
5 characteristics of herbal
- contains plant/plant extract
- contains many compounds
- only some compounds have a positive therapeutic effect
- activity typically much lower than pharmaceutical as API diluted by other compounds
-BP regulates quality not efficacy
4 characteristics of pharmaceutical
- contains purified compound
- may have 2-3 compounds
- all API have an effect
- activity which and depend on dosage
is drug discovery cheap, what 2 things does it rely on and 2 ways they start
- expensive
- so usually relies on methodical practical approached or observing unexplained beneficial effects
- clues taken from history or screening can be used to identify products
what is screening
involve testing of compounds against particulate biological targets
3 types of screening
- extensive screening
- randoms screening
- high-throughput screening
what is extensive screening and when do you use it , why would you use it
- new chemical entity which is screened against a variety of bio targets
- when you don’t know what a compound does
-many compounds require more effort to obtain so its worth spending money to see if they do anything, screen against a range of targets
what is random screening and when use
- therapeutic object is fixed
- thousands of compounds tested against a small number of screens
- have target in bind and throw a library of compounds to see if anything works
2 benefits of a semi-synthetic route and what type of chemistry does it use
- reduces production costs significantly
- as the natural compound act as a starting point
- uses protecting group chemistry
what is a protecting group
a protecting group is a group attached a group/atom to prevent it from reacting and is easily removed