2- Basic Concepts and Principles

Question 1

Adaptation

Answer 1

A reduction in responding when evoked by an antedecent stimuli that is repeated over a prolonged time.

Question 2

Antecedent

Answer 2

Anything that happens right before a behavior happens.

Question 3

Automatic Reinforcement

Answer 3

alone reinforcement

Something you can do on your own to increase occurrence of a behavior.

Question 4

Automaticity of Reinforcement

Answer 4

Behavior is modified by consequences, without the person’s knowledge or intent.

Question 5

Aversive Stimulus

Answer 5

An energy change that you don’t like or want.

Question 6

Behavior

Answer 6

Dead Man Test

The activity of a living organism.

Question 7

Behavior Change Tactic

Answer 7

A technological method for changing behavior, based on one or more principles of behavior, that can be generalized.

Question 8

Conditioned Punisher

Answer 8

A previously neutral stimulus is paired with an established punisher, which now makes that stimulus punishing.

Question 9

Conditioned Reflex

Answer 9

An automatic response that is learned through continuous exposure.

Question 10

Conditioned Reinforcer

Answer 10

A previously neutral stimulus that is paired with an established reinforcer, which now makes that stimulus reinforcing.

Question 11

Conditioned Stimulus

Answer 11

A previously neutral stimulus that is paired with a reflexive behavior to elicit a learned response.

Question 12

Consequence

Answer 12

Anything occurring after a behavior happens.

Question 13

Contingency

Answer 13

Consequence for a behavior.

Question 14

Contingency Shaped Behavior

Answer 14

Behavior that is modified based on consequences.

Question 15

Contingent

Answer 15

Based on the reinforcement or punishment history.

Question 16

Deprivation

Answer 16

I Want it

Limited or no access to a reinforcer or item.

Question 17

Discriminated Operant

Answer 17

A learned behavior that occurs more frequently with a specific antecedent over the other.

Question 18

SD

Answer 18

Discriminative Stimulus- signals that reinforcement is available.

Question 19

Environment

Answer 19

Everything that surrounds an organism that can be explored with the 5 senses.

Question 20

Extinction

Answer 20

Happens Once

No longer providing reinforcement for a previously reinforced behavior.

Question 21

Habituation

Answer 21

When an eliciting stimuli is presented over a short period of time, the strength of the behavior diminishes.

Question 22

Higher-Order Conditioning

Answer 22

aka secondary conditioning

Pairing a neutral stimulus with a conditioned stimulus that results in a conditioned reflex.

Question 23

History of Reinforcement

Answer 23

The collection of a person’s learning experiences within a specific response class or as part of a person’s personal repertoire.

Question 24

Joint Control

Answer 24

Two forms of verbal behavior combine for stimulus control of a response.

Question 25

MO

Answer 25

Motivating Operation- How valuable something is at a specific moment in time. #not thirsty after drinking a bottle of water.

Question 26

Negative Punishment

Answer 26

The removal of a stimulus that decreases the likelihood of a behavior.

Question 27

Negative Reinforcement

Answer 27

The removal of a stimulus that increases the likelihood of a behavior.

Question 28

Neutral Stimululs

Answer 28

A stimulus that does not have any affect on the behavior.

Question 29

Ontogeny

Answer 29

Selectionism through someone's personal learning history. #On to TJ Maxx

Question 30

Operant Behavior

Answer 30

Operant behavior is under the control of the person exhibiting the behavior, because it is learned. #learned #S-R-S

Question 31

Operant Conditioning

Answer 31

The use of reinforcement or punishment based contingencies, to change behavior. #S-R-S pairing

Question 32

Phylogeny

Answer 32

Selectionism through a species. #Rabbit Example

Question 33

Positive Punishment

Answer 33

Adding a stimulus that decreases the likelihood of a behavior.

Question 34

Positive Reinforcement

Answer 34

Adding a stimulus that increases the likelihood of a behavior.

Question 35

Principles of Behavior

Answer 35

Punishment, reinforcement, and extinction.

Question 36

Punisher

Answer 36

Something that decreases the future frequency of a behavior.

Question 37

Punishment

Answer 37

Something that decreases the future frequency of a behavior.

Question 38

Reflex

Answer 38

An automatic reaction that is not learned.

Question 39

Reinforcement

Answer 39

Something that increases the future frequency of a behavior.

Question 40

Reinforcer

Answer 40

Something that increases the future frequency of a behavior.

Question 41

Repertoire

Answer 41

Skills or set of knowledge that we already have. #toolbox

Question 42

Respondent Behavior

Answer 42

Behavior that is elicited due to the antecedent alone, and which is needed for survival. #involuntary

Question 43

Respondent Conditioning

Answer 43

The process of pairing of a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to eventually elicit the conditioned response. #pavlovsdog #classicalconditioning

Question 44

Respondent Extinction

Answer 44

Repeatedly presenting the conditioned stimulus in the absence of the unconditioned stimulus to reduce occurence of conditioned response.

Question 45

Response

Answer 45

A single instance of behavior.

Question 46

Response Class

Answer 46

A group of behaviors with the same function.

Question 47

Rule-Governed Behavior

Answer 47

Behavior that is under the control of a rule. #before

Question 48

Selectionism

Answer 48

Attributes that benefit a species are selected and survive leading to more adaptive repertoires. #Darwin's Theory

Question 49

Socially Mediated Contingency

Answer 49

A behavior is affected by another person.

Question 50

Stimulus

Answer 50

An energy change in the environment. #5 Senses

Question 51

Stimulus Class

Answer 51

Stimuli that share similarities. Formal, temporal, functional + Feature and Arbitrary

Question 52

Stimulus Control

Answer 52

An energy change in the environment that has control over a behavior.

Question 53

Stimulus- Stimulus Pairing

Answer 53

NS + US = CS #Pavlov's Dog

Question 54

Three- Term Contingency

Answer 54

Antecedent, Behavior, and Consequence. #ABC

Question 55

Unconditioned Punisher

Answer 55

Something that you are born with that decreases the likelihood of a behavior. #unlearned down

Question 56

Unconditioned Reinforcer

Answer 56

Something that you are born with that increases the likelihood of a behavior. #unlearned up

Question 57

Unconditioned Stimulus

Answer 57

An energy change in the environment that you have no learning history with yet.