(2) Cellular Neuroanatomy Flashcards by Alex Maxted

Q

Nissil stain identifies what organelles and what part of the neuron

A

RER = cell body and dendrites

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Q

site of action potential initiation

A

axon initial segment

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Q

the major branches of the axons are called

A

collaterals

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Q

sensory neurons are what type

A

pseudo unipolar

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Q

local circuit interneurons are what type

A

bipolar (i.e. have 2 primary processes–1 with dendrites and 1 with the axon)

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Q

motor neurons are what types

A

multipolar

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Q

What are golgi type 1 neurons

A

projection neurons that send its axon to other areas of the brian

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Q

What are golgi type 2 neurons

A

local circuit neurons that do not send its axon to other areas of the brain

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Q

most excitatory synapses are formed on ____

A

dendritic spines = axodendritic

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Q

is the following NT excitatory, inhibitory, or modulatory:

Ach at nicotinic

A

excitatory

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Q

is the following NT excitatory, inhibitory, or modulatory:

Ach at muscarinic

A

modulatory

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Q

is the following NT excitatory, inhibitory, or modulatory:

GABA at GABA-b

A

modulatory

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Q

is the following NT excitatory, inhibitory, or modulatory:

GABA at GABA-a

A

inhibitory

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Q

is the following NT excitatory, inhibitory, or modulatory:

DA

A

modulatory

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Q

is the following NT excitatory, inhibitory, or modulatory:

glutamate

A

excitatory

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Q

is the following NT excitatory, inhibitory, or modulatory:

glycine

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A

inhibitory

Q

is the following NT excitatory, inhibitory, or modulatory:

NE

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A

modulatory

Q

is the following NT excitatory, inhibitory, or modulatory:

serotonin

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A

modulatory

Q

Gray’s type 1 vs type 2 synapses

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A

1 = excitatory, found on dendrites, and are asymmetric (= pronounced postsynaptic density)

2= inhibitory, found on somas, and pre and post synaptic densities are symmetric

Q

What does an electrical synpase look like

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A

pre and post synaptic membrane are very close and connected via tight junctions
**bidirectional!! (chemical synapses are uni)

Q

describe the structure of a tight junction

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A

connexons form channel. each connexon is formed from 6 connexins

Q

kinesin moves vesicles (antero or retrograde)

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A

anterograde

Q

dynein moves vesicles (antero or retrograde)

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A

retrograde

Q

these cells function as atrocytes in the PNS

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A

satellite cells

cells that maintain ionic concentrations for optimal neuronal function

astrocytes

cells that facilitate angiogeneisis and synaptogenesis

astrocytes

what type of astrocytes are found in white matter?

fibrous, these have vascular feet

type of epithelium that ependymal cells form

cuboidal to simple columnar