2. Chain of survival Flashcards
(17 cards)
What does Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) support?
Heart and lung function
CPR includes a series of assessments and interventions to restore or maintain cardiac and pulmonary function.
What is the ‘Chain of Survival’?
A holistic approach to treating a victim with cardiac arrest
It emphasizes the need for prevention and support beyond survival to sustainability.
How many links are in the updated Chain of Survival as of 2022?
Seven links
The chain was updated from five to seven links to include more comprehensive care.
List the seven links of the Chain of Survival.
- Prevention
- Early Recognition and Access
- Early CPR
- Early Defibrillation
- Early access to EMS
- Early Advanced Care
- Recovery
What is the first link in the Chain of Survival?
Prevention
Focuses on minimizing the risk of cardiac arrest through healthier lifestyles.
What does early recognition and access involve?
Prompt recognition of emergencies and calling for help
Key components include recognizing warning signs like chest pain.
When is CPR most effective?
When started immediately after the victim’s collapse
Early CPR improves chances of successful resuscitation.
What does early defibrillation improve?
Survival rates for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest victims
It should be combined with early CPR for maximum effectiveness.
What role do Emergency Medical Services (EMS) play?
Provide basic life support and transfer to the hospital
Paramedics monitor and treat casualties on the way to the hospital.
What does early advanced care utilize?
Equipment to aid ventilation and administer medications
It is crucial for critical support in a hospital setting.
What is the focus of the recovery link?
Treatment and support beyond the return of spontaneous pulse
Emphasizes rehabilitation and psychological support.
Name common causes of sudden death.
- Heart Attack
- Foreign Body Airway Obstruction
- Drowning
- Stroke
- Drug Overdose
- Suffocation
- Smoke Inhalation
- Electrocution
- Severe Allergic Reactions
- Severe Trauma
What is clinically dead?
When vital signs of breathing and pulse have stopped
About 50% can be revived with immediate emergency measures.
What happens during clinical death?
The heart stops pumping and circulation ceases
If not restarted quickly, organ death begins.
How long can the brain survive without oxygen?
4 to 6 minutes
After this period, irreversible brain damage may occur.
What percentage of oxygen is in exhaled air?
Approximately 16%
This is sufficient to keep a victim alive during CPR.
What does chest compression do during CPR?
Helps circulate blood and deliver oxygen to vital organs
It is crucial for maintaining organ function during cardiac arrest.
