3. The Heart Flashcards
(31 cards)
What is the heart?
A hollow, conical, muscular organ situated obliquely in the chest cavity between the lungs and behind the sternum.
What is the size of the heart compared to?
About the size of a clenched fist.
What separates the right and left sides of the heart?
A muscular partition called the septum.
What are the two chambers of each side of the heart?
An upper receiving chamber (atrium) and a lower distributing chamber (ventricle).
What are the three layers of the heart walls?
- Pericardium (outermost layer)
- Myocardium (middle muscular layer)
- Endocardium (innermost layer)
What forms the valves of the heart?
Folds of the endocardium.
What is the function of the heart valves?
Allow blood to flow in one direction only, preventing backward flow.
What is the name of the valve between the left atrium and left ventricle?
Biscupid (mitral) valve.
What is the name of the valve between the right atrium and right ventricle?
Tricuspid valve.
What is the function of the aortic valve?
It is located between the left ventricle and the aorta.
What is the function of the pulmonary valve?
It is located between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery.
What are the blood vessels that enter the heart?
- Superior vena cava (SVC)
- Inferior vena cava (IVC)
- Four pulmonary veins
What does the superior vena cava carry?
Deoxygenated blood collected from the upper part of the body.
What does the inferior vena cava carry?
Deoxygenated blood collected from the lower part of the body.
What do the four pulmonary veins carry?
Oxygenated blood into the left atrium.
What are the blood vessels that leave the heart?
- Aorta
- Pulmonary artery
What does the aorta carry?
Oxygenated blood from the heart for distribution to all parts of the body.
What does the pulmonary artery do?
Carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to each lung.
What is the primary function of the heart?
To act as a pump.
What does the heart pump to the lungs?
Deoxygenated blood to get rid of carbon dioxide and pick up oxygen.
What does the heart pump to all parts of the body?
Oxygenated blood.
Fill in the blank: Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium through the _______ and _______.
IVC and SVC.
What happens to deoxygenated blood in the lungs?
It gives up carbon dioxide and picks up oxygen.
Where does oxygenated blood leave the lungs?
By two pulmonary veins.
