2: GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR CLINICAL LABORATORY Flashcards
(55 cards)
- Laboratory shall be situated in an area that is accessible to both clients and staff
- LOCATION
- The design of the laboratory shall also provide appropriate levels of privacy to client and staff
- PRIVACY
- Design, construction, renovation, maintenance, repair of facilities
- CONFORMANCE WITH BUILDING LAWS
- Adequate ventilation with the acceptable air changes per hour shall be maintained for each area of the laboratory
- VENTILATION
- Each area has its own spaces
- SPACES REQUIRED
- Where business transactions take place
- Business Area
- Sufficient waiting area for clients
- Receiving of specimens, releasing of results
- Reception Area
- Business Area
- Where business transactions take place
- Reception Area
- Sufficient waiting area for clients
- Receiving of specimens, releasing of results
1) GENERAL ADMISSION
- For specimen (outside of the clinical working area)
- Patients are not allowed
2) COLLECTION AREA
- Accessible for client-use/public; must have separate for staff only
- Somewhere adjacent but not within the clinical working area
3) TOILET FACILITIES
- Sufficient to accommodate its activities
- Allow for a smooth and coordinated workflow
- Areas and the rooms intended for its sections shall be planned to meet the workload described in the functional program.
4) CLINICAL WORKING AREA
- Not inside the laboratory
- Sufficient storage for records and supplies
- Sterilization area/room;
- Waste holding area;
- Staff pantry;
- Other spaces for staff such as offices, conference room, lockers and changing room (gender sensitive) and the like, are optional.
5) SUPPORT SERVICES AREA
- Collection area for blood extraction shall be provide space, equipment, and furniture appropriate for its activity
- The area shall have a work counter/tray, space for patient seating, and handwashing stations.
BLOOD EXTRACTION AREA
must have cushion
- Blood extraction chair
- Specimen collection toilet for urine and feces shall be equipped with water, faucet, and/or urinal and lavatory.
- Have sufficient water supply
- Good water flow and should have a flush
URINE AND STOOL COLLECTION AREA
- Urinal for DT
waterless
- Its location shall permit the pathologist to observe the clinical working area
- Separate room but should be within the clinical working laboratory
PATHOLOGIST’S AREA
- All areas should be well-lighted by providing appropriate luminaire with no exposed or dangling electrical wires and unwanted glare shall be avoided.
- Convenience outlets shall be provided within the facility
LIGHTING
Provide the ff minimum service capabilities:
1. HEMATOLOGY
* Routine hematology
* Complete Blood Count (RBC, WBC, PC, Hgb (Hemoglobin), HCT (Hematocrit))
* Forward and Reverse ABO Grouping and Rh (D) typing (tube method)
* Qualitative Platelet Determination
2. CLINICAL MICROSCOPY
* Routine urinalysis
* Routine fecalysis
* Fecal occult blood test (FOBT)
* Pregnancy test (rapid hormones test)
* Wet smear for Trichomonas (vaginalis – parasite/cause STI) - lateral flow
3. CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
* FBS and RBS (fasting and random blood sugar)
* OGTT (Oral Glucose Tolerance Test)
* Lipid Profile – Total Cholesterol, HDL, LDL, TAG (Triglycerides)
* Creatinine (for liver)
* BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) – waste of kidney
* BUA (Blood Uric Acid)
PRIMARY CATEGORY
- HEMATOLOGY (PRIMARY)
- Routine hematology
- Complete Blood Count (RBC, WBC, PC, Hgb (Hemoglobin), HCT (Hematocrit))
- Forward and Reverse ABO Grouping and Rh (D) typing (tube method)
- Qualitative Platelet Determination
- CLINICAL MICROSCOPY (PRIMARY)
- Routine urinalysis
- Routine fecalysis
- Fecal occult blood test (FOBT)
- Pregnancy test (rapid hormones test)
- Wet smear for Trichomonas (vaginalis – parasite/cause STI) - lateral flow
- CLINICAL CHEMISTRY (PRIMARY)
- FBS and RBS (fasting and random blood sugar)
- OGTT (Oral Glucose Tolerance Test)
- Lipid Profile – Total Cholesterol, HDL, LDL, TAG (Triglycerides)
- Creatinine (for liver)
- BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) – waste of kidney
- BUA (Blood Uric Acid)
Provide the minimum service capabilities of a primary category laboratory plus the ff:
1. HEMATOLOGY
Coagulation Studies (to evaluate blood clotting):
* PT - prothrombin time
* APTT - activated partial thromboplastin time (monitor warfarin (blood thinner) therapy)
2. IS (IMMUNOLOGY/SEROLOGY)
* RPR/Syphilis Test
* Dengue Test
* Ag (Antigen)
* Ab (Antibody)
* ASO Titer
* HIV Screening
* HBSAG
3. CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
* Serum electrolytes (Na, K, Cl, Mg, Ca)
* ALT (SGPT)
* AST (SGOT)
4. MICROBIOLOGY
* Gram stain (+ purple, - pink)
* KOH (Potassium Hydroxide) – for fungal structures
* TB/Nucleic Acid Amplification - Government facilities
5. BLOOD BANKING
* Cross-matching (hospital-based) for blood transfusion (RBC only)
SECONDARY CATEGORY
- HEMATOLOGY (SECONDARY)
Coagulation Studies (to evaluate blood clotting):
* PT - prothrombin time
* APTT - activated partial thromboplastin time (monitor warfarin (blood thinner) therapy)
