2 - Meisters: identification in simultaneous and sequential lineups

Question 1

What are simultaneous and sequential lineups?

Answer 1

Simultaneous lineups show all suspects at once
-> encourages relative judgements

Sequential lineups present suspects one at a time
-> encourages absolute judgments

Question 2

What is the diagnosticity ratio?

Answer 2

hit rate / false alarm rate
-> used to assess lineup accuracy

Sequential lineups often show higher diagnosticity ratios due to fewer false alarms
-> not all studies show this

Question 3

What is signal detection theory and receiver operating characteristics?

Answer 3

SDT measures discriminability
-> separating true accuracy from response bias

ROC curves plot hit vs false alarm rates across varying confidence levels
-> studies using ROC curves, finder higher discriminability for simultaneous lineups, challenging the diagnosticity based conclusions

Question 4

What was the method in this experiment?

Answer 4

Shown a vide of a bank robbery

Than presented with either a simultaneous or sequential lineup
-> perpetrator was not always in the lineup

Question 5

What did they find?

Answer 5

Sequential lineups showed positions effects
-> better discriminability at later positions
-> hit rates increased across positions, false alarm rates remained stable
-> used an increasingly liberal response criteria more likely to choose someone as lineup progressed)

Simultaneous lineups showed no position effects
-> no changes in discriminability or response criteria across positions
-> remained liberal throughout

Question 6

What were the differences between sequential and simultaneous lineups they found in the study?

Answer 6

No significant differences in overall discriminability between the two
-> sequential used a more conservative style, especially at start
-> Simultaneous were more liberal and consistent across positions

Criterion shifts and position effects only occured in sequential lineups