Lecture 2 - identification procedures

Question 1

What is the live superiority effect and issues with live lineups?

Answer 1

Live superiority effect
-> if the cognitive process of encoding and retrieval are the same, this should lead to transfer appropriate processing

However
-> live lineups lead to delays
-> changes in appearances of the suspect

Question 2

What is a showup and its characteristics and benefits?

Answer 2

Shown a person and asked if it is the suspect -> it is an absolute judegement

Can be done live or through a photograph

Benefits
-> easy, quick, cost-effective

Question 3

What does research show regarding showups?

Answer 3

There is a lack of protection since there are no foils

There is some inherent suggestiveness since police probably shows you someone they think is guilty

Question 4

What strategy tends to be used in simultaneous lineups?

Answer 4

Relative judgement strategy: compare lineup members and select the one that most closely resembles memory of culprit
-> Results are good when the perpetrator is in the lineup
-> When perpetrator is not in lineup, people still use this method, leading to false alarms

Question 5

What does the research show about how witnesses carry out simultaneous lineups?

Answer 5

people more likely to pick someone in the middle, tend to avoid the edges

eye tracking research
-> people spend longer on the face they end up identifying

Question 6

Do sequential or simultaneous lineups produce more or less correct identifications in target-present conditions?

Answer 6

nearly equivelant for both

Question 7

Do sequential or simultaneous lineups produce more or less false identifications?

Answer 7

sequential method produces less false identifications

Question 8

Do sequential or simultaneous lineups have a greater tendency to choose?

Answer 8

greater tendency to choose in simultaneous lineups, sequential reduces tendency for both right and wrong

Question 9

What steps should be taken when composing a lineup?

Answer 9

-> select fillers who generally fit the witness’s description of the perpetrator

-> if there is limited information, fillers should resemble suspect in significant features

-> suspect should not stand out from the fillers