2- respiration

Question 1

organisms need energy for things such as

Answer 1

chemical reactions, muscle contractions, keeping warm

Question 2

cellular respiration is a

Answer 2

exothermic reaction that is continuously occurring in living cells

Question 3

the chemical process of cellular respiration releases

Answer 3

energy from glucose. the energy is transferred via the molecule Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

Question 4

ATP is produced in

Answer 4

respiration in the mitochondria, it is required for living processes to occur within cells and organisms

Question 5

aerobic respiration

Answer 5

the chemical reaction in cells that uses oxygen to break down nutrient molecules to release energy

Question 6

aerobic respiration is the

Answer 6

complete breakdown of glucose to release a relatively large amount of energy for use in cell processes and reactions. carbon dioxide and water are produced as waste products as well as releasing useful cellular energy

Question 7

aerobic respiration word equation

Answer 7

glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water

Question 8

chemical equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 8

C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O

Question 9

anaerobic respiration

Answer 9

the chemical reaction in cells that breaks down nutrient molecules to release energy without using oxygen

Question 10

anaerobic respiration involves

Answer 10

the incomplete breakdown of glucose and so releases a relatively small amount of energy for use in cell processes

Question 11

anaerobic respiration in animals mainly takes place

Answer 11

in muscle cells during vigorous exercisze

Question 12

anaerobic respiration in humans

Answer 12

glucose -> lactic acid

Question 13

chemical equation for anaerobic respiration in humans

Answer 13

C6H12O6 -> 2C3H6O3

Question 14

lactic acid builds up in

Answer 14

muscle cells and lowers pH of the muscle tissue which makes conditions more acidic. acidic conditions can denature the enzymes in cells

Question 15

lactic acid will eventually be broken down by

Answer 15

using oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water as waste products

Question 16

the amount of oxygen required to break down the lactic acid is referred to as

Answer 16

the oxygen dept

Question 17

the process of breaking down lactic acid is

Answer 17

known as the repaying the oxygen debt

Question 18

plants and yeast can respire without

Answer 18

oxygen , breaking down the glucose in the absence of oxygen to produce ethanol and carbon dioxide

Question 19

anaerobic respiration in yeast is called

Answer 19

fermentation

Question 20

word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and fungi

Answer 20

glucose -> alcohol + carbon dioxide

Question 21

chemical equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and fungi

Answer 21

C6H12O6 -> 2C2H5OH + 2CO2

Question 22

aerobic/anaerobic respiration- oxygen needed?

Answer 22

aerobic- yes

anaerobic- no

Question 23

aerobic/anaerobic respiration- glucose breakdown

Answer 23

aerobic- complete

anaerobic- incomplete

Question 24

aerobic/anaerobic respiration- products

Answer 24

aerobic- carbon dioxide and water

anaerobic- animal cell=lactic acid yeast =carbon dioxide and ethanol

Question 25

aerobic/anaerobic respiration- energy released

Answer 25

aerobic- a lot | anaerobic- a little

Question 26

apparatus needed to demonstrate the production of carbon dioxide

Answer 26

boiling tubes, rubber bands, hydrogen carbonate indicator solution, cotton wool, glass beads, germinating seeds, boiling/dead seeds

Question 27

method to demonstrate the production of carbon dioxide

Answer 27

1) measure out 10cm3 of hydrogencarbonate indicator into 3 boiling tubes 2) put a layer of cotton wool 3) place 10 germinating seeds into tube A, 10 boiled/dead seeds into tube B, 10 glass beads into tube C 4) seal each tube with a rubber band 5) after 3 hours observe the colour of the indicator

Question 28

hydrogen carbonate indicator results

Answer 28

orange in atmospheric CO2 levels, in high CO2 levels the indicator absorbs the CO2 and becomes yellow, in low CO2 levels it loses CO2 and becomes purple

Question 29

results when demonstrating the production of carbon dioxide

Answer 29

tube A= yellow as seeds are respiring and producing carbon dioxide tube B= remain orange as the dead seeds produce no carbon dioxide tube C= remain orange as there is no living material

Question 30

apparatus needed to demonstrate the production of heat

Answer 30

vacuum flasks, thermometer, cotton wool, germinating seeds, dead/boilded seeds

Question 31

method to demonstrate the production of heat

Answer 31

1) set up flask A with germinating seeds and B with dead seeds 2) make sure cotton wool is plugged the top of each flask 3) hold the thermometer in place with the cotton wool 4) invert the flask 5) record initial temperature 6) after 4 days record the final temperature

Question 32

results when demonstrating the production of heat

Answer 32

the thermometer in the flask with the germinating seeds (flask B) should show an in crease in temperature. flask A should remain room temperature. this is because the seeds in flask B are respiring and producing heat energy in the process. this shows that respiration is an exothermic reaction. the seeds in flask A are not respiring because they are dead, so the temperature remains the same

Question 33

corms when demonstrating the production of carbon dioxide

Answer 33

c- we will change the content of the boiling tube (germinating seed, dead seed, glass beads) o- the seeds used should all be of the same age, size and species r- we will repeat the investigation several times to ensure our results are reliable m- we will observe the change in the hydrogen carbonate indicator after 3 hours s- we will control the volume of hydrogen carbonate indicator, the number of seeds/beads, the temperature of the environment

Question 34

corms when demonstrating the production of heat

Answer 34

c- we will change the content of the flasks (germinating seeds or dead seeds) o- the seeds used should all be of the same age, size and species r- we will repeat the investigation several times to ensure our results are reliable m- we will observe the change in the temperature on the thermometer s- we will control the number of seeds, the starting temp, the material and size of the flasks