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ALCB - Pharma > 2 - Reversal/Rescue Agents/Antidote > Flashcards

2 - Reversal/Rescue Agents/Antidote Flashcards

1
Q

Antidote

Ergotamine

A

Nitroprusside

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2
Q

Rebound Hypertension

A

Phentolamine

Orthostatic HYPERTENSION
- Midodrine

Orthostatic HYPOtension
- Yohimbine (a2 antagonist)

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3
Q

Organophosphate poisoning

A

Pralidoxeme
(+ atropine)

DUMBBELSS

  • diarrhea
  • urination
  • miosis
  • bronchospasm
  • bradycardia
  • excitation (skeletal muscle and CNS)
  • lacrimation
  • sweating
  • salivation
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4
Q

Muscarinic agent overdose

Cholinesterase inhibitors

A

Atropine

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5
Q

Methemoglobinemia

A

Methylene Blue

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6
Q

Cyanide poisoning

A

Lilly cyanide kit
+ IV sodium amyl nitrite
+ IV sodium thiosulfate

Antidote:
Hydroxycobalamine

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7
Q

Class 1A antiarryhthmic overdose

  • Quinidine
  • Procainamide
  • Disopyramide
A

Sodium lactate

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8
Q

Digoxin-induced arryhthmia

A

Lidocaine

- DOC for ventricylar arryhthmia post-MI

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9
Q

Doxorubicin toxity

A

Dexrazoxane

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10
Q

Rocuronium

A

Suggamadex

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11
Q

Opioid toxicity

A

Naloxone

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12
Q

Methotrexate toxicity

A

Leucovorin

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13
Q

Heparin

  • PTT
  • Intrinsic
  • activates antithrombin III which inactivates thrombin/IIa/IXa/Xa
A

Protamine sulfate

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14
Q

Warfarin

  • INR
  • PT
  • Extrinsic
  • Category X
A

Immediate: FFP / Prothrombin complex concentrate

Not immediate: Vitamin K

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15
Q

Cyclophosphamide
- hemorrhagic cystitis

Metabolite: Acrolein

A

MESNA

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16
Q

Methanol toxicity

A

Fomepizole

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17
Q

Benzodiazepine toxicity

A

Flumazenil

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18
Q

B-blocker overdose

A

Theophylline

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19
Q

Lidocaine systemic toxicity

A

Intralipid

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20
Q 
Acetaminophen toxicity (Paracetamol)
- to prevent fulminant hepatitis
A

N-acetylcysteine
- also used to resurrect reduced form of glutathione that works as an antioxidant to counteract the reactive metabolite of acetaminophen (NAPQ1 free radical)

21
Q 
Iron intoxication
- hemochromatosis
TRIAD:
- cirrhosis
- DM
- skin pigmentation
A

Deferoxamine
- heavy metal chelator

ACUTE: deferoxamine (IV)
CHRONIC: deferasirox and Deferipone (oral)

22
Q

Dabigatran toxicity

  • direct anticoagulant
  • binds to active site of thrombin and inhibits enzymatic action
A

Idarucizumab

- needs dose adjustment for renally impire patients

23
Q

Alteplase/Streptokinase

  • thrombolytic
  • tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) analogue
  • converts plasminogen to plasmin which degrades fibrin and fibrinogen
A

Aminocaproic Acid

- Tranexamic acid

24
Q

AV nodal blockade caused by Beta 1 blockers antidote

25
Reverse neuromuscular blockade of aminoglycosides (Neomycin/Kanamycin/Paromomycin)
Calcium gluconate and neostigmine
26
Severe cases of Chronic inorganic lead poisoning (plumbism)
EDTA +/- dimercaprol
27
Outpatients: chronic inorganic lead poisoning (plumbism)
Oral Succimer
28
Carbon monoxide
100% oxygen Hyperbaric oxygen accelerates clearance
29
Acute and chronic arsenic poisoning
Dimercaprol
30
Acute inorganic mercury poisoning
Oral succimed or IM Dimercaprol
31
Chronic inorganic mercury poisoning
Succimer and unithiol DO NOT us dimercaprol - redistribution to the CNS
32
Lead poisoning
Succimer | - administered at blood lead concentrations >45mcg/dL
33
Copper poisoning
Penicillamine (DMARD)
34
Antimuscarinic poisoning
Physostigmine - may be helpful - NOT for tricyclic overdose
35
Quinidine, TC-s
Bicarbonate
36
Fluoride, CCBs
Calcium
37
Digoxin Digitalis toxicity
Lidocaine - DOC ``` Digoxin antibodies (Digibind) - may save patient who would otherwise die ```
38
Caffeine, Theophylline, sympathomimentics
Esmolol
39
Methanol, Ethylene glycol
Ethanol
40
Benzodiazepines, Zolpidem
Flumanezil
41
Methanol, Ethylene glycol
Fomepizole
42
Hypoglycemics
Glucose
43
Amanita mushroom poisoning
Milk thistle
44
Cisplatin rescue therapy
Amifostine
45
Nitroglycerin tolerance
Glutathione
46
Alpha-1 agonist overdose
Phentolamine
47
Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity (LAST)
Intralipid
48
Alteplase - tissue plasminogen activator analogue - thrombolytic
Aminocaproic acid

ALCB - Pharma (13 decks)

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