2. Specialised cells

Question 1

How do cells reproduce

Answer 1

By division of cells

Question 2

Ciliated cell (2)

Answer 2

1) In lungs
2) Move mucus through airways

Question 3

Roothair cell (3)

Answer 3

1) Surface of roots
2) finger like projection to extend out
3) Bigger surface area for faster osmosis and diffusion of minerals in plants

Question 4

Palisade mesophyll cell (4)

Answer 4

1) Top section of leaves
2) Lots of chloroplast for higher potential rates of photosynthesis
3) Vacuole push choroplast to the edge for light exposure
4) Thin cell wall to let light through

Question 5

Neuron (2)

Answer 5

1) Sending signals between nerves is usually slow
2) Neuroes are long to make signaling faster

Question 5

Red blood cell (4)

Answer 5

1) Carry oxygen in blood
2) biconcave shape to increase surface area, increase rate oxygen can diffuse in
3) Has hamoglobin
4) No organelles to make room for hamoglobin

Question 6

Cell

Answer 6

Smallest structural unit in organism

Question 6

Spem cell (2)

Answer 6

1) Has a flagella for swim
2) Used to penetrate the egg

Question 7

Tissue

Answer 7

Group of cells with similar structure & function

Question 8

Organ

Answer 8

group of different tissues with related functions

Question 9

Organ system

Answer 9

organs with related functions

Question 10

Organism

Answer 10

A living thing

Question 11

Magnification

Answer 11

Image/actual

Question 12

Actual size

Answer 12

Image/Magnification

Question 13

Image

Answer 13

Actual x magnification

Question 14

Why do bacteria not have a nucleus [1]

Answer 14

They have a small circular chromosome already

Question 15

Failureof structureXtodevelopproperly in thecells ofa plantrootcouldbecatastrophic toa plant.
Suggest an explanation as towhy [4]

Answer 15

The purpose / function of the root hair is to increase surface area; [1 mark]
For absorption of water (by osmosis); [1 mark]
(And) for absorption of mineral ions / named example (e.g. magnesium ions, nitrate ions); [1 mark]
Less root hairs would reduce absorption; [1 mark]
Water is essential for photosynthesis / maintaining pressure / as a solvent; [1 mark]
(Reduced absorption) could lead to mineral deficiencies, causing stunted growth / named example of mineral deficiency described; [1 mark]

Question 16

Explain why a red blood cell have no nucleus [2]

Answer 16

1) To make more room for haemoglobin
2)Nucleus would not allow for the biconcave shape

Question 17

Why in magnification you need to covnert the unit? [2]

Answer 17

Units of measurement (of a drawing) are (more realistically) in cm or mm whereas units of cell structure are most often µm (or nm); [1 mark]
Units need to be the same when dividing / creating a ratio/quotient like magnification; [1 mark]
Magnification has no units; [1 mark]

Question 18

Why magnifcation have no unit?

Answer 18

It is the ratio