2 - Tissue types and structures I

Question 1

What are the 4 basic tissue types?

Answer 1

epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous

Question 2

epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous

Answer 2

tight, adherens, desmosome, hemidesmosome, gap

Question 3

What is a tight junction?

Answer 3

plasma membranes are pressed tightly to prevent leakage

Question 4

What is an adherens junction?

Answer 4

Cadherin receptor linked to the actin cytoskeleton

Question 5

What is a desmosome junction?

Answer 5

function like rivets, fastening cells together into strong sheets

Question 6

What is a hemidesmosome junction?

Answer 6

anchors the basal plasma to the basal lamina and found in the basal membrane

Question 7

What is a gap junction?

Answer 7

channel proteins from two neighbouring cells align to allow material exchange between the two cells

Question 8

what is the function of nervous tissue?

Answer 8

detect changes in the internal and external environment and acts to maintain homeostasis

Question 9

What are the 2 main cell types of nervous tissue?

Answer 9

1. Neurons (conduct electrical signals)

2. Glial cells (insulate, protect and Support neurons)

Question 10

what are the 3 different types of neuronal cells?

Answer 10

mutipolar, bipolar and unipolar neurone

Question 11

What is the function of muscle tissue?

Answer 11

generates physical force for movement

Question 12

What are the 3 types of muscle tissue?

Answer 12

skeletal (voluntary), cardiac (heart contractions), smooth (involuntary)

Question 13

What are skeletal tissues?

Answer 13

long, cylindrical cells containing many peripheral nuclei

Question 14

Skeletal muscle is striated. True or false?

Answer 14

true

Question 15

What is cardiac muscle?

Answer 15

found only in the heart, cells joined end-to-end by intercalated discs

Question 16

cardiac muscle is striated. true or false?

Answer 16

true

Question 17

what is smooth muscle?

Answer 17

Found in the walls of all the hollow organs. cells are thick in the middle and taper at each end

Question 18

smooth muscle is striated. true or false?

Answer 18

false

Question 19

what are the characteristics of epithelium?

Answer 19

avascular, covers surfaces, forms glands, forms continuous sheets

Question 20

What is simple squamous epithelium?

Answer 20

single layer of flat cells with disc-shaped nuclei

Question 21

what is simple cuboidal epithelium?

Answer 21

a single layer of cube-like cells with large, spherical central nuclei

Question 22

What is non-ciliated simple columnar epithelium?

Answer 22

a single layer of non-ciliated columnlike cells with oval nuclei near the base of cells

Question 23

What is ciliated simple columnar epithelium?

Answer 23

Moves mucus; with goblet cells

Question 24

what is stratified squamous epithelium?

Answer 24

Several layers of closely packed flat cells

Question 25

what is stratified cuboidal epithelium?

Answer 25

Several layers of cuboidal cells. Quite rare in the body. Found in some sweat and mammary glands. Typically two layers thick.

Question 26

what is stratified columnar epithelium?

Answer 26

multiple layers of cells; the upper layer is columnar

Question 27

What is transitional epithelium?

Answer 27

Specialized to change in response to increased tension

Several layers of cuboidal cells