2: Vowels Flashcards
(28 cards)
1
Q
What are the three phases of the history of hebrew vowels?
A
- Before king David (1,400 - 1,000 BC)
- written without any vowels
- After King David (1,000 - 300 BC)
- insertion vowel letters (like vav and yod)
- Final phase (700 - 1,000 AD)
- vowel signs (“dots”)
2
Q
How do we know the Masoretes were not making up the sounds of the vowels?
A
- For native Hebrews, the vowel sounds were intuitive.
- With the use of the vowels, the Masoretes were making explicit the tradition that they had received from previous scribes.
3
Q
A
qamets (long “ah” sound)
4
Q
A
patach (standard “ah” sound)
5
Q
A
chatef-patach (short “ah” sound)
6
Q
A
Tsere (“ey” sound)
7
Q
A
Segol (standard “eh” sound)
8
Q
A
chatef-segol (short “eh” sound)
9
Q
A
chireq (short, “e” as in she)
10
Q
A
chireq-yod (long, “e” as in she when followed by a yod)
11
Q
A
cholem (“o” sound)
12
Q
וֹ
A
cholem-vav (“o” sound)
13
Q
A
qibbuts (short, “u” as in rule)
14
Q
A
shureq (“u” as in rule)
15
Q
A
qamets-chatuf (“o” as in odd)
16
Q
A
chatef-qamets (“o” as in odd)
17
Q
What are the four lengths of vowels?
A
- long & medium = long
- short
- very short, can also be called:
- half vowels
- chatef vowels
18
Q
אָב
A
father, ancestor
19
Q
אֵם
A
mother
20
Q
אָח
A
brother
21
Q
אָחוֹת
A
sister
22
Q
בֵּן
A
son, descendant
23
Q
בַּת
A
daughter
24
Q
אָכַל
A
he ate
25
זָכַר
he remembered
26
כָּבֵד
he was heavy
27
שָׁלַח
he sent
28
Mention the different classes and lengths of the vowels. (Table)
