(20) Ascarids: Companion Animals

Question 1

Answer 1

heterakis eggs in the feed

don’t know how that would have happened

Question 2

(Toxocora Canis)

1. Hosts?
2. ww
3. location in body?
4. eggs - contain single cell - how much space between cell and shell?
5. Is somatic migration a dead end cycye?

unless what?

6. What is another mode of transmission in female?
7. What source of migration in paratenic hosts (Parasitic)?

what may serve as paratenic?

Answer 2

1. dogs, wolves, coyotes, foxes
2. SI
3. little
4. yes (in males spayed females)

prenatal transmission

(larva go to placenta –> liver of fetus –> then L3 use tracheal route) - can cause death if enough get into liver

6, lactogenic transmission

larvae go to mammay glands (ingested during suckling)

7. somatic migration

rodents, pigs, birds

Question 3

(Toxocora Canis)

1. Epidemiology: present in all dogs worldwide

infections more common in males or females?

long term reservoirs = ?

eggs are very resistant

2. Routes of Infection? (ON EXAM)
3. newborn puppy - what from migrating larvae?

Nursing puppy - digestive problems from what?

problems in older dogs?

4. Diagnosis

can bitch pass in mult pregnancies?

5. treament?

what has activity against migrating larvae in bitch?

treat puppies at what age? (ON EXAM)

lactacting bitch when?

Answer 3

1. males

paratenic hosts

2. direct - tracheal migration

transplacental - prenatal

lactogenic - transmammary

predation on paratenic hosts

ingestion of worms in vomit or feces

3. pulmonary hemmorhage

large numbers of prenatal larvae

usually asymptomatic

4. yes worms hang out
5. most anthelmintics/heartworm preventatives (fenbantel, fenbdendazole, milbemycin oxime, pyrantel, praziquantel, pyrantel, febantel (these three together))

2,4,6,8 wks

2-3 weeks post whelping

fenbendazole

Question 4

(Toxocora Cati/Toxocora Mystax)

1. host?
2. ww
3. location in body?
4. life cycle pretty much same as dog… except

what about somatic migration?

**is there prenatal transmission? **

Only what kind of transmission?

5. paratenic hosts?
6. Routes of infection?
7. pathogenecity vs. T. Canis?
8. treatment?

treat kittens at what interval?

Answer 4

1. cats (felids)
2. SI
3. only a few larvae migrate

NO

lactogenic

5. mice and rats
6. direct - tracheal

lactogenic - transmammary

predation on paratenic

ingestion of worms in vomit/feces

NO transplacental

7. not pathogenic
8. most anthelminitics are efficacious

6,8,10

also treat nursing dams

Question 5

(Toxascaris Leonina)

1. Hosts?
2. common ww
3. location in body?
4. Eggs - contains a single cell with what between ova and inside of shell?
5. migration is different how?
6. paratenic hosts
7. how common vs toxocora?

how pathogenic vs other two?

8. Routes of infection?
9. treatment

Answer 5

1. dogs, cats (wild canids and felids)
2. SI
3. a space (different from canis)
4. return to lumen of SI after moutling rather than migrating all over the place
5. mice, rabbits, chickens
6. less

least

8. direct - ingestion

predation on paratenic

NO transplacental OR lactogenic transmission

9. same as other two

Question 6

(Visceral Larval Migrans (VLM))

1. what is this?
2. most commonly describes what?

get how?

migrate where?

3. Diagnose humans how?

important cause used to be misdiagnosed as what?

Answer 6

1. prolonged somatic migration of larval parasites in an abnormal host
2. human infection with Toxocora Canis

kids eat weird stuff

liver, lungs, brain, eye (often goes unnoticed)

3. ELISA

retinoblastoma –> enucleation

Question 7

(Baylisascaris Procyonis)

1. roundworm of what?
2. paratenic host?
3. common in US (75% of raccoons)
4. Life Cycle same as Leonina
5. Important in Human why?
6. Treatment?

Answer 7

1. raccoon (DH) (dog can also be DH)
2. mice rabbits, squireels
3. VLM - very pathogenic (neurotropic) - can kill
4. most anthelmintics