20 Cards

Question 1

What is the sister mary joseph nodule

Answer 1

Umbilical metastatic deposit
due to disseminated intra- abdominal malignancy - mc from GI or gyne oriigins

Question 1

Ascites, weight loss, abdo distension, umbilical nodule

Answer 1

Advanced intra abdominal malignancy

Question 2

What is umbilical concretion

Answer 2

Accumulation of sebum and keratin in the umbilicus

Question 3

Next step if IDA is non resolving after a negative gastroscopy and colonoscopy

Answer 3

Capsule endoscopy

Question 4

Ideal initial investigation for patient with obscure GI bleeding

Answer 4

Upper endoscopy and colonoscopy

Question 5

What is the investigation of choice in hemodynamically stable patients with presumed bowel bleeding?

Answer 5

Capsule endoscopy

Question 6

Management of incidental gallstones during pregnancy

Answer 6

Expectant

Question 7

When would an elective cholecystectomy be indicated for asymptomatic gallstones?

Answer 7

Sickle cell disease
Stones larger than 3cm
Porcelain gallbladder
Immunocompromised patients
High risk of complications
Gallbladder polyps

Question 8

Does rapid weight loss predispose to gallstone formaiton

Answer 8

yes

Question 9

https://app.emedici.com/storage/media/hDpTDzKCruCL5Ceg9e1T4HwISyDf8Y.jpg

Answer 9

large diverticular abscess

Presence of a Fluid Collection: There is a well-defined hypodense (dark) area in the left lower quadrant, likely containing fluid and possibly gas, which is characteristic of an abscess.

Air-Fluid Level or Gas Bubbles: The image shows gas within the collection, a strong indicator of an abscess due to infection from diverticulitis.

Surrounding Fat Stranding: There is increased density in the adjacent fat, suggesting inflammation, which is commonly seen in complicated diverticulitis.

Thickened Bowel Wall: The nearby bowel loop (likely the sigmoid colon) appears thickened, which is a hallmark of diverticulitis.

Location: The abscess is in the typical area for diverticular disease, usually the left lower quadrant (sigmoid colon region).

Question 10

Initial management for a large diverticular abscess

Answer 10

IV ABx and percutaneous drainage

Question 11

When would sigmoid colectomy and colostomy be considered in diverticulitis

Answer 11

Perforated, reccurrent episodes that have failed conservative management

Question 12

MSH2 mutation is associated with which colorectal condition

Answer 12

Lynch syndrome / HNPCC

Question 13

APC mutation is associated with which colorectal condition

Answer 13

FAP

Question 14

Primary biliary cholangitis

Answer 14

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC; also known as primary biliary cirrhosis) is a chronic progressive liver disease of autoimmune origin that is characterized by destruction of the intralobular bile ducts. The pathogenesis of PBC is unclear. PBC is frequently associated with other autoimmune conditions and primarily affects middle-aged women. In the early stages, PBC is typically asymptomatic. Fatigue is the most common initial symptom. In advanced disease, increased fibrotic changes lead to typical signs of cholestasis (e.g., jaundice), portal hypertension (e.g., ascites, gastrointestinal bleeding), and severe hypercholesterolemia (e.g., xanthomas, xanthelasmas). Elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels, antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA), and liver biopsy findings can establish the diagnosis. Management involves supportive care, e.g., management of cholestasis-associated pruritus, and slowing disease progression with ursodeoxycholic acid. Liver transplantation is the only definitive treatment.

Question 15

What complication are individuals with primary biliary cholangitis at risk to develop

Answer 15

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Question 16

Fever, pain, peritonitis 5-7 days post colorectal surgery –???? dx

Answer 16

Anastomotic leak