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PMP-201 > 201 exam > Flashcards

201 exam Flashcards

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1
Q

Cell wall inhibitor

A

carbapenems
amoxicillin
aztreinam
cefalexin

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2
Q

is not a cell wall inhibitor

A

tazobactam

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3
Q

what is the chekc for CURB-65 criteria

A

resp rate of 29+, age 65+ and systolic BP less than 90mmHg
confusion + blood urwa nitorgen >19mg/dL

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4
Q

NOT in malaria lifecycle?

A

haematin builds up in the parasite

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5
Q

What steps are inb the malaria lifecycle?

A

Haemaglobin is converted into haematin
Haemoglobin transferred to plasmodium food vacuole
nontoxic hemazoin is the final productt

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6
Q

Red flag for ulcerative colitis?

A

bloody diarrhoea

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7
Q

class 1 antiarrhythmia drug

A

Na+ channel blocker
flecainide

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8
Q

Biological test:

A

rapid test
culture
biochemical test

(BET analysis - NOT )

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9
Q

Sulfoanamides and trimethoprim are what type of antibiotic?

A

antimetabolites

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10
Q

cells in stomach

A

parietal cells
chief cells
enteroendocrine cells

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11
Q

function of parietal cells

A

secretion of HCl and intrinsic factor

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12
Q

property of aldosterone

A

causes reabsorption of NaCl and H2O

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13
Q

what is the correct layering of GI TRACT FROIM INNER TO OUTER

A

MUCOSA
SUB,MUCOSA
MUSCULARIS EXTERNA
SEROSA

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14
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
extrinsic innovation is controlled by the enteric NS

A

TRUE

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15
Q

what neurotransmitters are used during rest and digest

A

acetyl choline and substance P (vasoactive)

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16
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
sympathetic systems increases secretion and motility

A

FALSE

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17
Q

promitility agents:

A

metoclopramide and domperidone
cisapride and porucalopride
Erythromycin

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18
Q

Oral anticoagulant

A

dabigatran
warfarin
rivaroxaban

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19
Q

What drugs inhibit glycoprotein IIb/IIIa which causes fibrinogen to not bind to platelets

A

abiximab and tirofiban

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20
Q

What condition is Dornase Alfa used for ? (mucolytic)

A

CF

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21
Q

Not a bronchodilator

A

corticosteroids

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22
Q

2nd line treatment for angina

A

dabigatran

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23
Q

reprofusion therapy

A

coronary angiography
fibrinolitics
coronary revascularisation

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24
Q

bulk laxative

A

isaphula husk
sterculia
bran

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25
what allergy should you be aware of when giving faecal softener enemas
peanut allergy
26
virus life cycle step by step
1. attachment 2. penetration 3. uncoating 4. biosynthesis 5. protein synthesis 6. Release
27
name a virus targeting attachment inhibitor (HIV drug)
fostemsavir
28
used for blood infections?
blood spectrum, beta lactams, metronidazole and vancomycin
29
red flag for GORD
jaundice, persistent vomiting, patient over 55 with new onset symptoms
30
H2 antagonist
ranitidine fa,optidine cimetidine
31
true or flase h pylori is the only usual reason peptic ulcers occur
false
32
1st line for h pylori
triple therapy containing 2 antibiotics and PPI - omeprazole
33
indications of theophylline overdose
restlessness hypokjalaemia severe vomiting
34
correct process of tablet manufacturing
1. compression 2. consolidation and decompression 3. ejection
35
binders
gelatin starch povidone
36
superdisintegrants
sodium starch glycolate crospovidone crosmcarmellose sodium
37
what group is NOT commonly portected
iron groups
38
the peptide NT-proBNP is used as an indication for HF levels are under 400ng/L
true!
39
Correct method of treatment for HF
1.furosemide 2.ramipril 3.bisoprolol 4.spirinolactone
40
statements about warfarin chemical structure
(R) warfarin is 10-fold more potent than the (S) enantiomer the phenolic OH allows formation of water-soluble sodium salts has a low water solubility due to coumarin core It inhibits post-translational carboxylation of a Glu residue on the N-terminalof specific clotting factors adn anticoagulant proteins A 7-hydroxy warfarin and a 6-hydroxy warfarin are two inactive metabolites produced by hepatic CYP2C9 starting only from the (S)-enantiomer
41
What do sieves measure?
mesh number - 100 openings per inch (equivalent diameter= sphere size to pass)
42
What does microscopy measure?
projected area diameter (dn = mertin's diameter)
43
What does Andreasen pipette measure?
calculate the diameter using dst > d of sphere w same density+ settling viscosity
44
What does cascade impactor measure?
aerodymic diameter
45
What does photon correlation spectroscopy measure?
Brownian motion and relates this to size of particles
46
electrical sensing methods
vd = volume diameter
47
Laser diffraction measures
equivalent diameter
48
calculating hausner ratio
indirect measure of bulk material to reduce volume under mechanical influence
49
calculating the carr's index
compressibility of a powder
50
measuring the angel of repose of a powder sample
after mechanically topping ^ mass
51
observing the bulk of a powder sample
volume of powder / weight expressed in ml/100g powder
52
thiazide diuretic side effects
hypokalaemia (adaches, rash, hives, swelling of the mouth and lips, wheezing or trouble breathing, asthma attack, and anaphylaxis)
53
side effects of ACEi
dry cough Dry cough. hyperkalaemia Extreme tiredness or dizziness from blood pressure going too low. Headaches. Loss of taste. Rarely, short-term worsening of kidney function.
54
statements about anti-anginal drugs
1) dihydropyridine derivative calcium-channel blockers may be effective with prinz metal angina 2) nicorandil actiovates the ATP-sensetive K channels to enhance K efflux and hyperpolarisation of vascular smooth muscle cells 3) ivabradine selectively blocks the hyperpolarization-activated, cyclic nucleotide-gated channels present within the SA nodes and lowers HR without affecting contractility of cardiac muscle 4) ranozaline is a class ID sodium channel inhibitor which blocks the late inward sodium current occurring during pohase 2 of venticular action potensials
55
ventricular tachycardia
lower chamber of the heart beats too fast to pump well and the body doesn't receive enough oxygenated blood
56
ventricular fibrillation
the lower heart chambers contract in a very rapid and uncoordinated manner
57
atrial flutter
an abnormal heart rhythm (arrhythmia) which causes the upper chambers of your heart (atria) to beat too quickly
58
sinus bradycardia
HR lower than normal <60bpm
59
paroxysmal supra-ventricular tachycardia
rapid heartbeats originating above the ventricles
60
lung scrintigraphy
imaging technique diagnosis of some lung conditions is possible visulaise deposition in lungs gamma cameras are required
61
LTRA - leukotriene receptor antagonists
contain at least one hydrogen bond acceptor Will be more than one hydrophobic region Will be one or more acidic groups The lipophilic tetraene tail of leukotriene D4 can be imitated by several, more stable , aromatic rings
62
what type of drugs are; salbutamol salmeteroil terbualine
beta-2 receptor agonist drugs
63
ipratropium is a _____ drug
SAMA - short acting muscarinic receptor
64
tiotropium is a
long acting muscarinic receptor LAMA
65
CF is caused by a mutation of what gene?
CFTR gene
66
function of CFTR gene encode
transport chloride ions to the EXTRAcellular space
67
"aban"
anticoagulant apixaban edoxaban warfarin - inhibit vit K epoxide reductase complex 1
68
beta blocker - dec HR + BP and myocardial contractility
olol bisoprolol/ propanolol atenolol metaporolol
69
'pril'
ACE inhibitors ramipril perindopril
70
aminodarone is an example of
class III (K channel blocker > cause repolorisation)
71
CCB example
diltiazem - relaxing blood vessels amlodipine
72
flecainide
class I (Na channel blcoker) > slow conduction through AV node
73
treat AF for an asthmatic patient
diltiazem
74
spironolactone
thiazide sdiuretic
75
loop diuretic
furosemdie
76
losartan
ARB - selective inhibition of angiotensin II by competitive antagonism of the angiotensin II receptors
77
HF and has swollen ankles
furosemide - loop diuretic
78
Hf but cannot tolerate ramipril
ARB instead - losartan 12.5mg tablets
79
Xa inhibitor - prevent blood from clotting too much
fondaparinux (MI reliever) prevent heart attack/ stroke block enzyme for cholestrol, red cholestrol in blood
80
antiplatelet
clopidogrel
81
GTN spray - glyceryl trinitrate
prn / reliever
82
Atorvastatin
HMC- CoA reductase inhibitor / statin
83
stable angina - but pain when exersising
GTn spray
84
83yr old STEMI. already has 300mg aspirin on way to hospital
low dose heparin for stemi = fondaparinux
85
Xanthines - COPD, moderate exacerbtion, stopped ipraropium (LABA) and sytart on new drug
LAMA not LABA tiotropium (inhaled)
86
27 yr old asthmatic. severe vomiting, agitiation, restlessness dilated pupils and tachycardia, hyperglycaemia and convulusions relsted to which drug treatment
theophylline (oral)
87

PMP-201 (34 decks)

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