2010 final

Question 1

X-rays showed “apple core”, what is the diagnosis?

Answer 1

Colon Cancer

Question 2

Which of the following have low intensity in contraction?

• Lower rectum
• Upper rectum
• Ascending colon

Answer 2

• Lower rectum

Question 3

A young female had CT scan that showed well defined, hyper-echoic lesion (pic of a CT). What is the diagnosis?

• Hemeangioma
• Liver adenoma

Answer 3

• Hemeangioma

Question 4

Patient with fever, rigors. ALP & AST were both increased, but the ALP was increased 8 times than the AST (was increased 3 times). What is the cause of her symptoms?

• Gall stones
• Viral hepatitis

Answer 4

• Gall stones

Question 5

Histology of liver showed Ground glass appearance?

Answer 5

HBV

Question 6

Serotonin antagonist used with chemotherapy?

Answer 6

Ondensetron

Question 7

Patient who travelled and ingested fresh fruit, his serum showed non B and non E virus. What is the causative agent?

Answer 7

HAV

Question 8

Experiment was done on a fasting dog with electrodes on its ilium that showed strong contractions every 90 mins. What does this experiment prove?

Answer 8

Migratory myenteric (motor) complex

Question 9

Patient with increased levels of transglutaminase, what is the best method of treatment?

Answer 9

Gluten free diet

Question 10

After meals, the patient’s serum is alkaline (↑ HCO3). Why?

Answer 10

Postprandial alkalosis

Question 11

Blockage of which artery affects the supply to the sigmoid colon?

Answer 11

Inferior mesenteric

Question 12

What artery supplies the hepatic flexure?

• Right colic artery
• Middle colic

Answer 12

• Right colic artery

Question 13

Squamous cells, epithelial cells, & mucus secretions in salivary gland?

Answer 13

Mucoepidermoid

Question 14

Small cells with cysts containing eosinophilic hyaline scanty cytoplasm?

Answer 14

Adenoid cystic carcinoma

Question 15

What is the mechanism behind directing light to treat neonatal jaundice?

Answer 15

Increase polarity of bilirubin

Question 16

What is cause of prion disease?

Answer 16

Misfolded protein

Question 17

Patient with a history of gall stones presented with tenderness, abdominal rigidity, & high serum amylase. What do you suspect?

Answer 17

Acute pancreatitis

Question 18

What forms the superficial inguinal ring?

Answer 18

External oblique aponeurosis

Question 19

What structure extends from lateral aspect of deep inguinal ring to the umbilicus?

Answer 19

Lateral umbilical ligament

Question 20

A 60 years old male with chronic hepatitis disease presented with dilated veins radiating from the umbilicus (caput medusa). Blood back flow in which vessel leads to this presentation?

Answer 20

Paraumbilical vien

Question 21

What is the main energy storage?

• Muscle glucagon? Or muscle glycogen
• Lipids

Answer 21

• Muscle glucagon? Or muscle glycogen

Question 22

Starvation for 3 days in comparison to 3 hrs, what would increase?

Answer 22

Blood amino acids

Question 23

What increases blood glucagon?

Answer 23

Liver glycogen

Question 24

A patient with colon cancer without family history, no history of polyps. What is most likely to be mutated?

• P53
• APC

Answer 24

• P53

Question 25

The small intestine epithelium is derived from?

Answer 25

Endoderm

Question 26

A patient with TB, which spread to the superomedial aspect of the thigh. This spread is made through which muscle? **** - Psoas major - Internal oblique

Answer 26

- Psoas major

Question 27

What is the carriage of C. difficle in children & new born?

Answer 27

50%

Question 28

A patient with diarrhea, acid fast stain was +ve, with cysts? - Entamoebae - Toxiplasmosis

Answer 28

?

Question 29

Male from North east Asia came with bloody diarrhea, flask shaped ulcer cyst in the liver with brown ... .What is the causative agent?

Answer 29

Entamoeba histolytica

Question 30

A 50 years old male with renal failure on dialysis presented with liver cirrhosis, biopsy showed kupffer cells with intracytoplasmic brown granular stained +ve with pearl stain. What element is overloaded?

Answer 30

Iron

Question 31

Antiemetic H2 receptor antagonist and used for motion sickness?

Answer 31

Cyclizine

Question 32

What increases blood supply to the salivary glands? - VIP & bradykinin - VIP & Ach

Answer 32

- VIP & bradykinin

Question 33

In supine position, where do fluids accumulate?

Answer 33

Hepato-renal recess

Question 34

What causes injury in autoimmune hepatitis?

Answer 34

Cytotoxic T cells

Question 35

What best fits peroxynitrite?

Answer 35

Oxidant

Question 36

What will happen if only VIP was released, and Ach was inhibited?

Answer 36

Relaxation of the LES

Question 37

The area around which structure is more susceptible to ischemia?

Answer 37

Central vein

Question 38

What transfers the nutrients from the hepatocytes to the blood?

Answer 38

Sinusoids

Question 39

What promotes gastric emptying?

Answer 39

Distention of the stomach

Question 40

Biopsy of patient w/ stomach cancer yielded lymphocytes and plasma cells, that is most common cause?

Answer 40

H.Pylori

Question 41

EBM: Which site is used to view complete lists of systemic reviews & studies? - PubMed - Or Up-to-date

Answer 41

?

Question 42

EBM: If pre-test probability is 50%, sensitivity 97%, specificity 67%?

Answer 42

PPV low, NPV very high