Neurotoxicity agent of the jaw that causes jaw pain in patient?
a. Vincristine
b. Methotrexate
a. Vincristine - leukemia med
When missing primary maxillary incisors which sound is a problem?
a. S
b. B
c. K
d. M
a. S
How to treat apthous ulcers
a. Fluocinonide
b. Fluconazole
c. Acyclovir
a. Fluocinonide
Which has classic signs of primary immunodeficiency
a. digeorge syndrome
defect in chromosome 22, The syndrome can cause heart defects, poor immune system function, a cleft palate, and low levels of calcium in the blood.
which includes both facial plane and cranial base?
Nasion
What increases retention most
a. 4 handed technique
b. self etching bond
c. enameloplasty
d. air abrasion
c. enameloplasty
There are some studies supporting it. No literature found on other choices
What percent vegetable should be on My Plate?
a. 30%
b. 50%
a. 30%
True positive?
a. Sensitivity
b. Specificity
a. Sensitivity
Pregnant female best method for reducing transmission of caries?
Xylitol
Which probiotic can help prevent caries
a. actinobacillus
b. lactobacillus acidophillus
c. actinomyces
b. lactobacillus acidophillus
Most common post complication of ped dental general anesthesia
a. fever
b. nausea
b. nausea - for prophylaxis of nausea and vomiting, as during surgery and the postoperative period, the average dose is 25mg phenergan (promethazine) repeated at 4-6hr intervals, as necessary
Most common crown fracture in primary dentition?
a. Enamel only
b. Enamel and dentin without pulp exposure
c. Enamel and dentin with pulp exposure
d. Root fracture
b. Enamel and dentin without pulp exposure
Adult bite mark intercanine distance?
3.0cm
Fear of separation peaks at what age?
13 to 18 months
Active listening of dentist?
Mirroring emotions of child back
What do you do for toxic dose of fluoride
a. Milk
b. IPECAC syrup
a. Milk
what does secondary smoke affect in children
a. immune system
b. lungs
c. liver
b. lungs
What is the factor missing in hemophilia B
IX factor 9
Post op sensitivity in CEREC system?
a. Margin discontinuity
b. Decrease in adhesive bond
c. Occlusal interferences
a. Margin discontinuity
In statistical analysis, what is correlation between two groups?
a. Statistical difference
b. Direction of relationship
c. Nature of association
d. Something association
By Definition, Correlation is a single number that describes the degree of relationship between two variables. Not sure
what d was. But, c may be the answer
Pulp comes from?
Dental papilla
least cariogenic
a. breast milk
b. regular milk
a. breast milk
Mixed dentition analysis that is gender specific uses mand permanent incisors to predict space for cuspids and premolars
c. Moyers
b. Tanaka Johnson
c. Hixon oldefather
c. Moyers
Which dimension changes the least?
a. Width
b. Depth
c. Height
a. Width
Most predictive of necrosis in permanent crown fracture
a. concomitant luxation injury
b. size of pulp exposure
c. time of pulp exposure
a. concomitant luxation injury
Which is more successful in primary teeth
a. DPC
b. Pulpotomy
c. IPT
c. IPT 90-95% success rate
Sturge weber is a malformation of what
a. Venous
b. Arterial
c. Capillary
d. Lymphatic
a. Venous
Herpes simplex virus can cause
a. Erythema multiforme
b. Steven Johnson
a. Erythema multiforme
Which is a risk factor for adolescent CRA
Previous caries
Most common malignancy in first year of life
a. rhabdomyosarcoma
b. neuroblastoma
b. neuroblastoma - both of these are embryomal cancers, neuroblastoma develops from certain types of very primitive nerve cells in the embryo and is the most common cancer diagnosed during the first year of life
what does 1.23% APF do to ceramic veneers
a. changes color
b. changes surface topography
b. changes surface topography
What do you see in DD Type I?
Short roots
MTA
a. Non-resorbable
b. Low compressive strength
c. Hydrophobic
a. Non-resorbable
Nasomaxillary complex?
a. Intramembranous
b. Endochondral
c. Cartilaginous
a. Intramembranous
what is a risk factor for kids developing caries
a. stagnant biofilm
b. caries
a. stagnant biofilm
Which antibiotic along with amoxicillin to treat local aggressive periodontitis
Metronidazole
What does amorphous calcium do?
Stabilizes levels of calcium and phosphates
What does BPA cause ·
a. Estrogen activity
b. Neurotoxicity
c. Growth retardation
a. Estrogen activity
What is common sequela of extrusion?
PCO
Most common cause of cardiac arrest in a child
a. anaphylaxis
b. airway obstruction / asphyxia
c. chest trauma
d. drug overdose
b. airway obstruction / asphyxia (insufficient oxygen)
Sucking thumb - what is the most important for causing malocclusion in early dentition? a. Age of cessation b. Intensity c. Which digit d. Pacifier
a. Age of cessation
Which NSAID inhibits anti-platelet function of aspirin
a. ibuprofen
b. naproxen
c. tomelin
d. ketorolac
b. naproxen
Floating teeth expansile lesion of maxillary anterior
Neuroectodermal tumor of infancy
Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy
- rare, aggressive tumor of neural crest origin
- site: anterior maxilla
- s/s: rapidly expanding, destructive bony lesion; surface may be blue in color
- lab: increase urinary levels of vaillymadelic acid
- x-ray: Ill-defined radiolucency; displaced toothbuds; floating appearance
- tx : wide excision
- prognosis: 20% recur; rare metastasis
mimics malignant disease, central hemangioma
Whats the current BLS
Chest compression, airway, breathing (CAB)
Joint crepitus?
a. Disc derangement
b. Osteoarthitis
b. Osteoarthitis
Premature loss of primary of primary teeth
a. Histiocytosis
b. Down syndrome
c. Carpenter
a. Histiocytosis
Initial hemostasis
a. Activation of platelet
b. Factor Vlll activation
c. Fibrin activation
d. Thrombin activation
a. Activation of platelet
What medication causes bruxism and xerostomia?
a. Clonidine
b. Methylphenidate
c. Adderall
a. Clonidine (anti-hypertensive)
b. Methylphenidate (stimulant for ADHD)
c. Adderall
moderate risk factor for CRA
a. special needs
b. other choices don’t remember
a. special needs
Most fluoride in infant formula
a. Milk derived powder
b. Milk derived liquid
c. Soy derived powder
d. Soy derived liquid
d. Soy derived liquid
In child abuse, what percent of injuries to the head and neck can the dentist can identity?
50%
Receptive mildstone for 1-2yo
a. follows 2-word request
b. points to pics in a book when named
b. points to pics in a book when named
1-2yo: understand simple questions. Points to pics in a book when named. Can ask 1-2 word questions. Can put 2 words together.
2-3 yo: can follow two-word request
How does maxilla make room for perm 1st molar?
Apposition
Least sensitive to radiation?
a. Muscle tissue
b. , Reproductive
c. Intestinal mucosa
d. Bone marrow
a. Muscle tissue
Important consideration for closing a diastema?
Permanent maxillary canine
What was the first sign of LA overdose
Dizziness
Most common sequela of permanent central intrusion
a. Pulpal necrosis
b. Calcific metamorphosis
c. External resorption
d. Ankylosis
a. Pulpal necrosis
TPA (trans-palatal arch) do?
a. Actively maintains mesial-distal
b. Other answers don’t remember
a. Actively maintains mesial-distal
What is associated with diabetes mellitus
a. Down
b. Turner
c. klinefelter syndrome
d. Prader willis
e. Williams-couldn’t find anything on these ones
f. Ruben something?
Down, Turner, Prader Willi all are associated with DM.
Down syndrome usually DM type 1.
Diabetes insipidus: intense thirst, despite the drinking of fluids (polydipsia), and the
excretion of large amounts of urine (polyuria). In most cases, it’s the result of your body not
properly producing, storing or releasing a key hormone, ADH
What acid do you use for enamel microabrasion?
a. HCL
b. 10% Carbamide
c. 37% Phosphoric acid
d. 30% Hydrogen Peroxide
a. HCL - 18% HCL plus pumi
For anaphylactic shock what are the cells
a. basophils and mast cells
b. eosinophils and lymphocytes
c. reticulocytes and undiff neutrophils
a. basophils and mast cells
Varicella zoster is associated with
Chicken pox
Hemoglobin for a child
12-18g/dl is normal for healthy child. 5-9g/dl is normal for child with SCA
Function: measures oxygen carrying capacity of blood
Which infection technique is used in non critical situation with visible blood?
Intermediate level infection
Indication for IPT
Provoked pain
Intact lamina dura
Distal step goes into Class II what %?
a. 66
b. 100
b. 100
ANUG bacteria along with spirochetes
P. Intermedia
MTA does what to pulp
a. Mineralization
b. Sterilization
c. Hemostasis
a. Mineralization/bacteriostatic agents* “obturator”
i. Has alkaline pH, slow release of Ca ions, induces pulp cell proliferation, cytokine release, hard tissue formation (reparative dentin), and interface with dentin that resembles hydroxyapatite
When does fluorosis happen
a. calcification
b. apposition
a. calcification
Spontaneously erupting mesiodens
a. 25%
b. 50%
c. 75%
a. 25%
Which has delayed loss of primary teeth and delayed eruption of permanent
teeth
a. Apert
b. Crouzon
a. Apert
Remember, Apert and Crouzon are very similar. But, Apert shows more clinical manifestations (more severe)
Which determines the onset of LA?
a. pKa
b. Protein binding
a. pKa
8 year old has mandibular incisor crowding - what is normative?
2 mm
What does INR measure
PT (extrinsic pathway)
i. The prothrombin time (PT) - along with its derived measures of prothrombin ratio (PR) and international normalized ratio (INR) - are assays evaluating the extrinsic pathway of coagulation. This test is also called “ProTime INR” and PT/INR”. They are used to determine the clotting tendency of blood, in the measure of warfarin dosage, liver damage, and vitamin K status. PT measures factors I (fibrinogen), II (prothrombin), V, VII, and X.
ii. In the absence of anticoagulation therapy, ideal is 0.8-1.2
iii. Target range for patient on warfarin is 2-3 (may be in 2.5-3.5 range if on intense anticoagulatns)
Local aggressive periodontitis with not so much bone loss than expected what is immunoglobulin present? a. IgG b. lgA c. IgM d. lgE
a. IgG
At what stage can child do basic logic:
a. Pre-operational
b. Sensimotor
c. Concrete-operational
d. Formal-operational
c. Concrete-operational
Which fusion causes clefting
Medial nasal and maxillary process
Most simple febrile seizure
a. gen tonic clonic
b. myoclonic
c. atypical absence
a. gen tonic clonic - generalized tonic clonic seizures (GTCS) are by far the most common seizure type (80%). Tonic (13%), atonic (3%), and unilateral or focal onset tonic clonic seizures (4%) may occur in the remaining 20%. ON rare occasions, seizures consist of staring accompanied by stiffness or floppiness, rhythmic jerking movements without prior stiffening, focal stiffness or jerking only. Myoclonic jerks or absences are not part of febrile seizures. Repetitive seizures in the same febrile illness occur in 16%.
What’s recommended for a PRR
a. unfilled resin
b. highly filled resin
c. glass ionomer cement
a. unfilled resin
Which is determinant of direction of growth
a. FMA
b. SNA
c. SNB
d. ANB
a. FMA
BMI for overweight
> 85% - overweight is defined as a BMI at or above the 85th percentile and below the 95th percentile for children and teens of the same age and sex. Obesity is defined as a BMI at or above the 95th percentile for children and teens of the same age and sex.
Which bacteria is in chronic odontogenic abscess
a. anaerobic staph
b. anaerobic strep
c. anaerobic strep
b. anaerobic strep
How many grams of xylitol?
4-8g
Most common CP
Spastic = stiff
Earliest milestones for a child
a. kick a ball
b. turn a knob
c. jump on one foot
d. ride tricycle
a. kick a ball - 18mos
b. turn a knob - 2yo
c. jump on one foot - 50% of 3yos can balance on one foot, 90% of 4yos can hop
d. ride tricycle - 3yo
Pacifier habit in infants?
a. Decrease occurrence of otitis media
b. Decrease SIDS
b. Decrease SIDS
increase occurrence of otitis media
CHX mechanism
a. Disrupts bacterial cell wall
Which is true about retention of primary vs. permanent sealants
a. Significantly less
b. Similar
c. Slightly greater
d. Unpredictable
b. Similar - Duggal et al. did not find difference
If pt has complete cleft lip and palate
missing mid palatal suture
What is most common fracture in children?
a. Body
b. Angle
c. Symphysis
d. Condyle
d. Condyle
If dirty wound when do you need to get a booster for tetanus
a. 5 years
b. 10 years
c. 1 year
a. 5 years* - Usually, booster schedule is 10 years. But with dirty wounds, recommend a Tdap booster if 5 years passed since the last
one
Best storage medium
a. milk
b. saliva
c. saline
d. water
a. milk
More likely to occur
a. Congenitally missing permanent tooth
b. Ectopic eruption of first molar
c. Permanent mesiodens
d. Impaction of canines
a. Congenitally missing permanent tooth
Missing 3rds fairly common
How long does it take for permanent tooth to come into full occlusion?
a. 1 years
b. 3 years
c. 4 years
d. 5 years
d. 5 years*
What is active surveillance for high risk
a. more frequent exams and x-rays
b. restore incipient lesions and monitor new
c. parent doing oral hygiene
d. monitor lesion progression and ….
d. monitor lesion progression and ….
AAPD - Careful monitoring of caries progression and prevention
program
What acid do you use for enamel microabrasion?
a. HCL
b. 10% Carbamide
c. 37% Phosphoric acid
d. 30% Hydrogen Peroxide
a. HCL - 18% HCL plus pumice
moderate risk factor for CRA
a. special needs
b. other choices don’t remember
a. special needs
CRA = Caries Risk Assessment
Moderate Risk according AAPD Guideline
Another Moderate risk factor is recent immigrant
Don’t use protective stabilization on a child that is:
Cooperative and conscious
Which rescuer inhaler do you give
a. beta 2 agonist
b. beta 2 antagonist
c. inhales corticosteroid
a. beta 2 agonist - cause smooth muscle relaxation
Autotransplantation for avulsed perm maxillary central incisor root development? a. <1/3 b. 1/3 to greater than or equal to 1/2 c. >3/4
b. 1/3 to greater than or equal to 1/2
Minimum apex open for revascularization
1mm
N2O in first 3-5mins of administration
a. dissolves in serum
b. attaches to erythrocytes
c. attaches to hemoglobin
d. dissolves in CSF
a. dissolves in serum - is transported in blood as free gas; it does not combine with hemoglobin, and it does not undergo biotransformation, has rapid uptake, absorbed quickly from alveoli held in simple solution in serum
What is responsible for fruity breath of Diabetics?
Acetone
when can you place implant in a child
a. ectodermal dysplasia
b. cleft lip and palate
c. pt intolerable to removable prosthesis
c. pt intolerable to removable prosthesis
Max fluoride prescription
120mg
ADHD meds
methylphenidate - sold under the trade names ritalin among others, is a CNS stimulant of the phenethylamine and piperidine classes that is used in the treatment of ADHD and narcolepsy
soft tissue x-rays to find fragment
1/4 radiation exposure
Irreversible pulpitis hallmark
Spontaneous pain
When do you remove mesiodens?
Permanent incisors 2/3 developed BUT they want specifics like less/greater than - for unerupted mesiodens, wait for extraction until adjacent permanent teeth root developed 2/3rd
Which inhibits infused factor with antibodies
a. mild hemophilia A
b. mild hemophilia B
c. severe hemophilia A (deficiency in FVIII) 8
d. severe hemophilia B
c. severe hemophilia A (deficiency in FVIII) 8 - inhibitor formation, occurring in up to 36% of patients with severe HA, 1, 2 is currently one of the most significant complications affecting patients with HA
Which mallampati class when you can see fauces, soft palate and uvula
a. class I
b. class II
c. class III
b. class II
Synthesizing results by combining studies?
Meta Analysis
When is BPA most exposure
a. Immediately after placement of resin
What decreases the minimum alveolar concentration of nitrous oxide
a. CNS stimulants
b. Narcotics
c. Fever
d. Young age
b. Narcotics
MAC decreases = more potent volatile med
Minimum concentration to stay in alveoli
a lot of use of amoxicillin in infants can cause
a. enamel hypomineralization
b. other choices don’t remember
a. enamel hypomineralization
% of tobacco use in adolescent
20%
Which has regular borders …
a. Traumatic bone cyst
Whats given to a baby before they leave hospital
a. Hep B vaccine
b. Rotovirus
a. Hep B vaccine
If strictly vegetarian what vitamin are you missing out on
a. B12
b. K
c. A
d. D
a. B12
Most commonly seen in anorexia
a. Trismus
b. Glossitis
c. Hypersalivation
b. Glossitis
NPO guidelines for clear liquids
2hrs
After neonatal, if infant presents with this its evident of sexual contact?
a. Herpes A
b. Herpes B
c. Chlamydia trachomatis
d. Human papillomavirus
d. Human papillomavirus
What fraction of ectopically erupting molars self correct
2/3
Which is related to vitamin D rickets
a. Short roots
b. Delayed eruption
c. Dentinogenesis imperfecta
d. Obliterated pulps
b. Delayed eruption
This can be confusing. Rickets causes Premature primary teeth
exfoliation. This leads to Delayed Perm teeth eruption
Short roots = Dentin Dysplasia type I
Obliterated Pulps = DI type 2 or DD type I
Functional crossbite occurs bc of
a. Occlusal interference
b. Tongue thrust
a. Occlusal interference
Which agent is bronchodilator / CNS depressant / anxiolytic
Hydroxyzine (anti-histamine)
Ora Verse works by:
Vasodilation
which suture causes most inflammation
a. silk
b. nylon
c. polyester
d. polyethyele
a. silk
when do you place implant in mandibular anterior region
a. 7
b. 10
c. 13
d. skeletal maturity
d. skeletal maturity
Premature loss of mandibular second primary molar what does perm 1st molar do?
a. Mesial lingual tipping
b. Mesial buccal tipping
a. Mesial lingual tipping
NaOH does what to pulpal stumps
a. Hemostasis/coagulant-ferric sulfate, epinephrine, aluminum.chloride
b. Fixation-Formocresol
c. Sterilization
d. Mineralization
d. Mineralization-a(OH)2
Complication for obese kids under GA
a. aspiration during induction
b. mainstem bronchus intubation
c. post op laryngeal edema
a. aspiration during induction - aspiration pneumonia, due to the back flow of the stomach’s contents into the lungs, is a common lung complication among obese people. Higher incidence of intraoperative oxygen desaturation (2% vs. 0.19%) and higher requirements for unexpected overnight hospitalization
Postnatally, which goes from cartilaginous to endochrondral ossification?
Spheno-occipital synchondrosus
Which mallampati class when you can see fauces, soft palate and uvula
a. class I
b. class II
c. class III
b. class II
Mallampati classification - size of airway
- class I - visualization of soft palate, fauces, uvula, anterior and posterior pillars
- class II - visualization of soft palate, fauces and uvula
- class III - visualization of soft palate and base of uvuala
- class IV - soft palate not visible
What do you put on a permanent partially erupted molar
a. RMGI
b. Glass ionomer sealant
c. Resin sealant
a. RMGI
Which primary tooth has worst space loss?
a. Mandibular 1st ·
b. Mandibular 2nd
c. Maxillary 1st
d. Maxillary 2nd
d. Maxillary 2nd
BPA comes from what part of composite
a. bisGMA
b. TEGDMA
c. bisDMA
a. bisGMA
What happens with electrical burn to commisure of lip
a. pain
b. hemorrhage
c. edema
b. hemorrhage
i. spontaneous for first 3 weeks
C. edema that may last a week
i. eventually necrotic tissue ( eschar) will slough off in 3 weeks
Which has delayed loss of primary teeth
Cleidocranial dysplasia
Calcification of permanent max lateral
10-12mos - whereas it is 3-4mos for the mandibular lateral and around 2yo for the premolars - which explains my patient who had radiation therapy at 2yo and is missing her premolars
What doesn’t work with visibly dirty hands?
a. Alcohol
b. Cleaning gel
c. Plain soap
a. Alcohol
Waterlines in dental units (CFU/mL)? (Infection Control)
a. 300
b. 400
c. 500
c. 500
Primary dentition non “spaced what is prediction for crowding in permanent?
60%
Which one needs AB prophylaxis
a. peritoneal dialysis
b. VP shunt
c. pulmonary stenosis
d. prosthetic cardiac valve
d. prosthetic cardiac valve
Amphetamine causes?
Insomnia
Moderate sedation?
Purposefully responds to tactile stimulation
Titrate?
Inhalation, oral, nasal, subcutaneous
non-social reinforcement?
token/toy
SLOB?
same lingual opposite buccal
what can a kid do first?
kick a ball
fluoride rinse
low concentration, high frequency
primary objective of IPT
leave affected dentin; change caries environment **(we also had
something similar, but want to leave affected dentin)
height of interproximal crest should be _ below CEJ?
1-2mm
completed pulpectomy: when does pathology radiographically resolve?
3mo? 6mo?
most impt for Cvek pulpotomy?
formation of blood clot; tightly sealed margins*
when do you start ortho after severe trauma to periodontium?
3 mo, 6 mo*, 12 mo
most common oral complication of HSCT?
mucositis*; xerostomia; gingival bleeding; opportunistic infx (2015, too)
which class of malocclusion needs a mouthguard?
class III
whitening agent in dentin (2015, too)
humectant; abrasive
drug induced gingival enlargement?
cyclosporine
most allergic rxns to?
chromium; nickel
fluoride replaces what?
hydroxyl
Koplik’s spots in? (2015, too)
Rubeola
4 yo w/ pulpotomy, what is best restorative material? (2015; too)
amalgam, SSC*, CR, GI
most likely ortho materia lto distort cranial MRI?
stainless steel; titanium; other options
most commonly used active ingredient in dentist dispensed bleaching?
carbamide peroxide
child is whining & crying w/o tears or sobbing?
compensatory*; obstinate; pain; frightened
overlapping canine more than 50%, if ext primary canines, what% will
correct? (2015, too)
48; 64*; 80
mini-implant screws - problem with cortical bone stress?
length of screw; angle of insertion; 2 other options
difference between Diabetes Type 1 & 2?
weight gain?; frequent urination; increase appetite
most common TMJ symptoms seen in adolescents?
clicking*; locking; luxation; limited opening
