2021 Flashcards
(15 cards)
How are heavy metals removed from water
Phytoremedation
How is litter removed from water
Screening
How are organic pollutants removed from water
Activated carbon filtration
How are pathogens removed from water
Uv light
How are suspended solids removed from water
Sedimentation
What are the properties of cfc (row land-molina hypothesis)
- long residency time
- chemically stable (not broken down)
- absorbs uv
- chlorine radicals react with ozone
How has the Montreal protocol increases ozone concentrations
- banned cfc (depleted ozone)
- alternative material such as hfcs
- alternative process such as hand pump action
- preventing cfc waste eg treating fridges and appliances once disposed of
How does ozone depletion affect living organisms
More uv reaching earth which causes cancer (dna damage) and damages lead tissue which decreases photosynthesis
How does acid rain harm plants
- Reduces soil decomposition which decreases nutrient availability
- Mobilises toxic ions in the soil which causes proteins and enzyme denaturing in the plant roots
Why is a logarithmic scale used rather than a linear scale
- it shows exponential relationships (laskey principle)
- a large scale of values can be shown
Why wouldn’t a mineral deposit be exploited
- unstable overburden (could collapse)
- deep overburden (waste produced and cost of equipment)
- thin layer/ low ore of mineral (not economically viable)
- land use conflict eg legal protection of the land or private property
- equipment and work force price
How is the stratosphere heated by radiation
Uv (absorbed by ozone) converted into heat
How is the troposphere heated by radiation
Infrared emitted from earth’s surface that is absorbed by green house gasses
Why are there fluctuations in water availability in water resources
- lack of storage
- run off during flooding
- pollution/ contamination
- evaporation
- precipitation
- uptake by vegetation
- salt water intrusion
How can water sources be managed sustainably
- inter basin transfers (shortage/ demand met by surplus)
- drip irrigation for agriculture (less water wasted)
- artificial recharge from surplus (water pumped back in)
- reforestation/ afforestation (reduces soil erosion and regulates interception)
