Peds Midterm pt4 Flashcards
What is a cause of acute life threatening event? (ALTE)?
seizure
Findings in SIDS (5)
Petachiae mid-thoracic, resp tract inflammn & congestion, brainstem gliosis, extramedullary hematopoiesis, ↑periadrenal brown fat
2 Hypotheses for SIDS
- Upper airway obstruction, catecholamine excess, ↑ fetal hgb
- Mal-development or delayed maturity of brainstem
What is Hemangioma? Tx (2)
mc in girls
Benign, self-limited tumor of endothelial cells.
Propanolol (tx of choice for infantile capillary hemangioma), Cortisone
3 categories of hemangiomas
Superficial - bright red, flat against skin
Deep - therefore have blue/gray color
Mixed
If a neural tube defect is anticipated during preg, whaddya do?
How’s it dx?
c-section birth to avoid birth canal
Dx: elevated Mother’s serum-fetoprotein lvl at 16-18 wks
What is anecephaly?
absence of large part of brain & skull (neural tube defect)
What is Encephalocele
herniation of brain & meninges (neural tube defect)
3 types/severities of spina bifida:
- Spina Bifida Oculta - may go undiagnosed. Missing vertebra, but no open connection to outside.
- Meningocele - defect of spinal column. OPEN VERTEBRAL ARCHES, OPEN SKIN, underlying soft tissue w/ MENINGES EXPOSED, but SPINAL CORD IS NORMAL
- Meningimyelocele - everything in 2 + SPINAL CORD is malformed too.
MGMT of spina bifida (3)
neuro surgery to correct within 24-48 hours
Shunt placement for hydrocephalus
Anticholinergics/sympathomimetics for neurogenic bladder
Spina bifidy patients are more likely to have what allergy?
latex allergy
What is Hypersensitivity type I?
igE mediated. Kids with multiple surgeries have ↑ risk of this = ↑ latex allergy
Describe scarlet fever (how it looks)
Where on body? (4)
sandpaper rash, diffusely erythematous rough rash
On Axilla, groin, abdomen, trunk.
Describe strawberry tongue:
whitish coating then desquamates to red, dotty, irritated.
Gold standard tx for Group A Beta Strep
2 others…
Pcn allergy?
PCN V
(amox is grape flavored, or pen G)
pcn allergy: macrolide