2.1

Question 1

Control theory

Answer 1

Focus on why people obey the law.

Hirschi:
4 elements
Attachment- caring about others opinions if we are attached to them
Commitment- how committed we are to goods e.g a job
Involvement- the more involved in law abiding activities, we are less likely to commit crime
Beliefs- if we have been socialised to obey the law

Question 2

External forms of social control

Answer 2

Include family, peer groups, eduction systems.
Echoes Skinner’s operant learning theory (operant conditioning)

Coercion- involves the use of threats or force, can be both phsycial and psychological.
Fear of coercion- can be seen as part of deterrence.

Question 3

Internal forms of social control

Answer 3

Based on our own values on personality, leads us to conform due to moral conscience.

ID- ‘pleasure principle’
Contains unconscious biological urges, demands instant gratification.

Ego- ‘reality principe’
Manages ID and Superego urges, develops in early childhood

Superego- ‘inner critic’
Based upon values/ ideals of those around you, results in guilty and anxiety

Tradition and culture:
Comes through socialisation, family, religion

Rational ideology:
Process of internalising social rules, using them to determine what is right/ wrong