2.1 2.2

Question 1

Ethnocentrism

Answer 1

William Graham Sumner - “Folkways”

Question 2

Cultural Relativism

Answer 2

1. Franz Boas - Historical Particularism
2. Example- Khasa Tribe of Jaunsar-Bawar (UK) - practice Polyandry.
3. Concl-
   a. Paul Rosenblatt - CR as a tool for change.
   b. Michael Brown - thumb rule that keeps APs alert to perspectives that may challenge their own Cultural Beliefs.

Question 3

Cultural Relativism and Human Rights

Answer 3

1. Defn
2. History - F.B v/s Tylor & Morgan
3. Marvin Harris - XCR = Nihilism.
4. Example - FMG - Somalia, Kenya Dawoodi Boras.
5. Elizabeth Zech-enter - justifies HR Violations.
6. Harry Gensler - socal vs moral eg: SATI.
7. Concl: Paul Rosenblatt - CR is a tool for change.

Question 4

Culture vs Civilization

Answer 4

1. E.B. Tylor - “PC”
2. Weber - Arte and Mente.
3. Gillin.
4. McIver & Page - 4 diffs.
   a. precise std msr.
   b. advancing
   c.ext and mech
   d. w/o change.
5. concl: McIver

Question 5

Culture v/s Society

Answer 5

1. Nadel - Way of life of the people; organized aggregate of interacting indivs.
2. 3 schools - Mali; RCB/Leach/EVP; Levi.
3. Levi - S before C
4. Kroeber - animals
5. Robert Redfield - (Synonymous); interrelated and inseparable.

Question 6

Social Stratification

Answer 6

1.Defn
2. P. Sorokin - unstratified Myth.
3.Fs Davis & Moore
a. Melvin Tumin.
b. Elite Self-recruitment (Nepotism)
4. Marxist/Conflict - KM
a. Polarization
b. Weber
c. Ralf Dahrendorf.
5. Weberian - Class;Status;Party CSP.
6. APY - M.G Smith -A,S,K.
7. Concl: Constitution.