2.1 Explain characteristics of routing technologies. Flashcards
A network manager configures a Routing Information Protocol (RIP) on the network.
Which of the following features will the RIP protocol provide?
- The protocol will group networks, their connected hosts and routers within an autonomous system
- The protocol will consider only one route to a given destination network
- The protocol will perform routing between domains and is the routing protocol Internet Service Providers (ISPs) use
- The protocol will use a metric composed of several administrator weighted elements
The protocol will consider only one route to a given destination network
Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is a distance vector-based routing protocol. It uses a hop count metric to determine the distance to the destination network. To help prevent looping, the maximum hop count allowed is 15.
The Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) uses a metric composed of several administrator-weighted elements, including reliability, bandwidth, delay and load to determine a route.
The Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a hierarchical link-state routing protocol. Routers within a given area share the same topological database of the networks they serve.
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is designed to be used between routing domains, and as such, is used as the routing protocol on the Internet, primarily between Internet Service Providers (ISPs).
A network uses a dynamic routing protocol that requires the administrator to provide weighted elements such as reliability, bandwidth and load.
Which routing protocol is being used by the network?
- Open Shortest Path First
- Border Gateway Protocol
- Routing information Protocol
- Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol
- EIGRP
The Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) is a distance vector-based routing protocol and uses a metric composed of several administrator weighted elements.
The Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol is suited to large organizations with multiple redundant paths between networks. It has high convergence performance and was designed for the outset to support classless addressing.
Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is a distance vector-based routing protocol. It uses a hop count metric to determine the distance to the destination network.
The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is designed to be used between routing domains and is used as the routing protocol on the Internet, primarily between Internet Service Providers (ISPs).
A company’s office building has the network segmented into different areas based on floor level. The network architect is working on building a hierarchical routing network to take advantage of multiple redundant paths between each network segment.
Which routing protocol will the architect MOST likely implement in this network?
- RIP
- BGP
- EIGRP
- OSPF
- OSPF
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a link state type of routing protocol ideal for hierarchical systems and networks. OSPF is suitable for organizations with multiple redundant paths between networks.
Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is a distance vector routing protocol. RIP only considers the next hop router to reach a given network or subnet (vector).
Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) is a distance vector or hybrid routing protocol. It relies on neighboring routers to report paths to remote networks and uses a metric composed of administrator-weighted elements.
The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is a patch vector routing protocol used between routing domains in a mesh internetwork.
A network contractor is reviewing the algorithms used for path selection. The algorithms categorize according to the topology and metrics used to build and update a routing information base. It also prioritizes optimal or least-cost paths.
What algorithm uses the number of hops to determine the destination as a metric?
- Hybrid routing protocol
- Static route
- Distance Vector
- Routing information protocol
- Distance vector
Distance vector protocols use the number of hops to the destination as the metric. The route with the fewest hops is the least-cost path, and the network will select it for use.
Static routes configure as non-persistent or persistent/permanent. A non-persistent route is removed from the routing table if the router gets rebooted.
The routing information protocol (RIP) is a distance vector routing protocol. RIP only considers a single piece of information about the network topology, the next hop router to reach a given network or subnet (vector).
Hybrid Routing Protocol is an advanced distance vector comprised of two elements: bandwidth and delay.
A host uses Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6). The host sends a packet to another host, and a router informs the host of a better route to take.
Which protocol facilitates this function?
- Router Advertisement
- Dual-Stack
- DHCP
- Neighbor Discovery Protocol
- Neighbor Discovery Protocol
One of the main functions of the Neighbor Discovery (ND) protocol is redirection, which enables a router to inform a host of a better route to a particular destination.
Dual-stack hosts can run both Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) and Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) simultaneously and communicate with devices configured with either type of address.
IPv4 depends heavily on the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) for address autoconfiguration.
A Router Advertisement (RA) uses the ND protocol. Routers send out advertisements periodically and will respond to a solicitation request to enable clients to determine in which network they reside.
A lab network has different routers to mimic a wide area production network. The lab network is segmented into sections, such as development, staging, and pre-production.
By default, if the router specifies a static route, then that route gets which administrative distance value?
- 20
- 90
- 110
- 1
1
A static route has a default administrative distance (AD) value of 1. The value expresses the relative trustworthiness of the protocol supplying the route.
The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) has a default AD value of 20. This default AD value is coded into the router but can be adjusted.
The Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) has a default AD value of 90. This default AD value is coded into the router but can be adjusted.
The Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) has a default AD value of 110. This default AD value is coded into the router but can be adjusted.
A network administrator is troubleshooting network routing issues in the lab. The layer 3 switches in the server room have multiple routes for each subnet. The issue only needs to be temporarily resolved for a scheduling test today.
How can the network administrator temporarily fix this routing issue?
- Configure the exterior gateway protocol
- Configure a static route
- Configure a default route
- Configure the interior gateway protocol
- Configure a static route
A static route is manually added to the routing table and only changes if edited by the administrator. This is ideal for temporary solutions to rapidly set up a route for network testing or quick troubleshooting.
A default route is a type of static route that identifies the next hop router for a destination and cannot match another routing table entry.
Addresses 0.0.0.0/0 (IPv4) or ::/0 (IPv6) represent the default route.
A network under the administrative control of a single owner is known as an autonomous system (AS). An Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) is a protocol that identifies routes within an AS.
An Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP) is a protocol that advertises routes between autonomous systems.
Which statement is true regarding the configuration of routers in a FHRP setup?
- Each router must have a unique IP address, and they do not need to share any common addresses.
- Each router must have a unique MAC and IP address, but they share a common virtual IP address
- Each router must have the same MAC and IP addresses
- Each router must have a different MAC address but can share a common IP address.
- Each router must have a unique MAC and IP address, but they share a common virtual IP address
The correct answer is that each router must have a unique MAC and IP address, but they share a common virtual IP address. In FHRP configurations, each router in the group has its own unique MAC and IP address. Additionally, they are configured to share a common virtual IP address, which is presented to the hosts as the default gateway.
While each router must have a different MAC address, they do not share a common physical IP address; they share a common virtual IP address.
Each router must have unique MAC and IP addresses; they do not have the same physical addresses.
While each router has a unique IP address, they are configured to share a common virtual IP address for the purpose of FHRP
A network administrator is maintaining a lab network, including several routers using Open Shortest Path First (OSPF). The administrator adds a specific route to a new router.
Which default value will this new route be assigned for administrative distance?
- 1
- 20
- 110
- 90
110
The Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) has a default AD value of 110. This default AD value is coded into the router but can be adjusted.
The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) has a default AD value of 20. This default AD value is coded into the router but can be adjusted.
The Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) has a default AD value of 90. This default AD value is coded into the router but can be adjusted.
A static route has a default administrative distance (AD) value of 1. The value expresses the relative trustworthiness of the protocol supplying the route.
A network architect has positioned multiple routers in different floor levels of a 10-story office building that will support the internal network of a large software company. Each routing device has redundant paths and connections.
Which routing protocol would BEST benefit the organization’s hierarchical structure?
- RIP
- EIGRP
- OSPF
- BGP
OSPF
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a link state type of routing protocol ideal for hierarchical systems and networks. OSPF is suitable for organizations with multiple redundant paths between networks.
Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is a distance vector routing protocol. RIP only considers the next hop router to reach a given network or subnet (vector).
Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) is a distance vector or hybrid routing protocol. It relies on neighboring routers to report paths to remote networks and uses a metric composed of administrator-weighted elements.
The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is a patch vector routing protocol used between routing domains in a mesh internetwork.
A technician is reviewing the routing gateway protocols for the organization under the autonomous system (AS) control as a single owner.
In reviewing the available protocols, which one identifies routes within an AS?
- TTL
- IGP
- RIP
- EIGRP
- IGP
An Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) is the protocol that identifies routes within an AS.
The Time to Live (TTL) IP header field reduces by one every time a packet forwards by a router (referred to as a hop). The TTL output field in the ping command shows the counter’s value when the packet arrives at its destination.
Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) is an advanced distance vector or hybrid routing protocol. EIGRP relies on neighboring routers to report paths to remote networks.
The routing information protocol (RIP) only considers a single piece of information about the network topology, which is the next hop router to reach a given network or subnet (vector).
What is a virtual IP in the context of high availability clusters?
- The private IP address used for the management of cluster nodes
- An IP address used exclusively for load balancing
- A unique IP address assigned to each node in the cluster
- A shared or floating address used to access the service provided by the cluster
A shared or floating address used to access the service provided by the cluster
A virtual IP (VIP) is a shared or floating address that is used by clients to access the service provided by the cluster. It is shared between instances in the cluster, making the cluster appear as a single server to clients.
A virtual IP is not unique to each node; it is shared among the nodes in the cluster.
The private IP address is used for internal identification and communication between nodes, not as a virtual IP.
While a virtual IP can be involved in load balancing within a cluster, it is not used exclusively for this purpose.
A network manager configures a dynamic routing protocol on the company network. The protocol considers only one route to a given destination network. To prevent looping, the protocol limits the number of hops to 15.
Which of the following protocols is the manager is implementing?
- RIP
- OSPF
- BGP
- EIGRP
- RIP
Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is a distance vector-based routing protocol. It uses a hop count metric to determine the distance to the destination network. To help prevent looping, the maximum hop count allowed is 15.
The Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) uses a metric composed of several administrator-weighted elements, including reliability, bandwidth, delay and load to determine a route.
The Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a hierarchical link-state routing protocol. Routers within a given area share the same topological database of the networks they serve.
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is designed to be used between routing domains; and, as such, is used as the routing protocol on the Internet, primarily between Internet Service Providers (ISPs).
A company’s office building has the network segmented into different areas based on floor level. The network architect is working on building a hierarchical routing network to take advantage of multiple redundant paths between each network segment.
Which routing protocol will the architect MOST likely implement in this network?
- OSPF
- BGP
- RIP
- EIGRP
