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P.E. > 2.1 Skill Acquisition > Flashcards

2.1 Skill Acquisition Flashcards

(61 cards)

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1
Q

What is an example of an open skill

A

Rugby tackle

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2
Q

What is an example of a closed skill

A

A penalty in football

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3
Q

What is an example of a gross skill

A

Rugby tackle

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4
Q

What is an example of a fine skill

A

Golf putt

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5
Q

What is an example of a self paced skill

A

Tennis serve

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6
Q

What is an example of an externally paced skill

A

Return in tennis

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7
Q

What is an example of a discrete skill

A

Tennis serve

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8
Q

What is an example of a continuous skill

A

Running

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9
Q

What is an example of a serial skill

A

Gymnastics floor routine

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10
Q

What is an example of a high organisation skill

A

Volley in football

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11
Q

What is an example of a low organisation skill

A

Throw-in in football

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12
Q

What is an example of a simple skill

A

Short Pass in football

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13
Q

What is an example of a complex skill

A

A volley in football

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14
Q

What is the anagram for characteristics of a skill

A

ACEFACE

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15
Q

What does ACEFACE stand for

A

Aesthetically pleasing, consistent, efficient, fluent, accurate, controlled, economical

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16
Q

Define a skill

A

Something that is learned

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17
Q

What determines whether a skill is open or closed

A

Environmental influence

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18
Q

What determines whether a skill is gross or fine

A

Extent of muscles used

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19
Q

What determines whether a skill is self paced or externally paced

A

Control and rate of execution

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20
Q

What determines whether a skill is discrete, continuous or serial

A

Continuity

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21
Q

What determines whether a skill is high or low organisation

A

Whether it is easily (low) or not easily broken down (high)

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22
Q

What determines whether a skill is simple or complex

A

The degree of difficulty

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23
Q

What is positive transfer

A

When one skill helps or aids the learning of another

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24
Q

When does positive transfer occur

A

When two skills have a similar shape or form

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25
What is negative transfer
When one skill hinders the leading of another
26
When does negative transfer occur
It happens when there is familiarity in environment and can cause confusion
27
What is zero transfer
When the learning of one skill has no effect on another
28
What is bilateral transfer
Where transfer of skill learned on one limb is transferred across the body
29
What are the four stages of information processing
Input, decision making, output and feedback
30
What is input
Information that is received from the senses
31
What is decision making
Using the information provided by the input to decide the best form of output
32
What is output
The response performed based off of the decision made during decision making
33
What is feedback
Response to the output that helps determine future responses
34
What is whole practice
Performing the skill in its entirety
35
Give 3 advantages of whole practice
- helps create a specific mental image that can be recollected in the LTM - more realistic than part practice - helps make the skill consistent
36
Give 3 disadvantages of whole practice
- can place unnecessary demands on the performer if they are unable to cope with the demands of the skill - possibility of fatigue - too much information to process
37
What is whole part whole practice
The performer attempts the skill, identifies a weakness, practices this weakness and then puts the whole skill back together
38
Give 3 advantages of whole part whole practice
- Provides motivation when success is achieved - Provides immediate feedback - Corrects errors and allows it to be integrated into the whole action - Fluency and integration of the sub routines are maintained
39
Give 2 disadvantages of whole part whole practice
- Can produce negative transfer effects unless coach integrates the part back into the whole - Time consuming
40
What is progressive part practice
Also known as chaining, The first part of the skill is taught and then more parts are added.
41
Give 3 advantages of progressive part practice
- The learner is allowed to focus on one aspect of the task and can correct specific weaknesses - The learner can rest so fatigue is reduced - If the performer is low on motivation, each part brings success so is very motivating - Helps to build confidence - Good for learning long routines
42
Give 3 disadvantages of progressive part practice
- Time consuming - Neglect the feeling of the whole task - Danger of negative transfer if not put together as a whole - Can be tiring
43
What is massed practice
Continuous practice, with no rest
44
Give 3 advantages of massed practice
- Promotes fitness - Skill becomes almost automatic - Can repeat skill consistently - Motor programmes can be stored and recalled more easily - Efficient use of p[layers and coaches time
45
Give 3 disadvantages of massed practice
- Can cause fatigue, especially if they lack fitness - Danger of negative transfer - High demands, so coach should keep the practices simple to avoid tedium
46
What is distributed practice
Involves rest intervals between sessions
47
Give 3 advantages of distributed practice
- Takes pressure of performer - Good for beginners as allows controlled progress - Keeps performers motivated - Safe way to practice dangerous skills
48
Give 2 disadvantages of distributed practice
- Time consuming (not good for training sessions) | - Not useful for experts who wish to over learn
49
What is varied practice
Changing the practice type and drills
50
Give 2 advantages of varied practice
- Helps with motivation for continuous and externally paced skills - Reduces tedium
51
Give 2 disadvantages of varied practice
- Time consuming and increased risk of negative transfer | - Danger of fatigue and information overload
52
What is mental practice
Going over the skill in your mind without movement
53
Give 3 advantages of mental practice
- Improves confidence and lowers anxiety - Evidence suggest it stimulates muscle receptors - Can be done when player is injured - Develops cognitive ability
54
What could be a disadvantage of mental practice
- The performers wont feel kinesthetic feedback
55
What is an example of when whole practice would be used
A tennis serve
56
What is an example of when whole part whole practice would be used
A golf swing when the performer has a poor grip
57
What is an example of when progressive part practice should be used
A dance / gymnastics routine
58
What is an example of when massed practice should be used
A basketball player practicing a free throw
59
What is an example of when distributed practice would be used
A swimmer practicing stroke technique in training
60
What is an example of when varied practice would be used
Players practicing a football pass
61
What is an example of when mental practice would be used
A trampolinist going over their routine before a competition

P.E. (18 decks)

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