chapter 18

Question 0

Boxer rebellion

Answer 0

Members of the Emperor of China’s family (Qing) secretly encouraged the uprising at the turn of the century with the purpose of expelling the foreigners. The foreigners won and the emperor lost control of China.

A war between foreign forces and china aided by uprising by Chinese people

Question 1

Anarchists

Answer 1

People opposed to any formal government, and they sought to attack the existing order through assassinations and bombings.

Terrorists who seek to attack the govt.

Question 2

Canton system

Answer 2

All British goods had to come into only one Chinese port - Canton.

All imports has to come in through canton

Question 3

Catherine the great

Answer 3

Empress of Russia from 1762 - 1796. Vision of a more powerful Russia through implementation of western technology and expansion toward the west. She was an absolute ruler.

A leader who westernized Russia

Question 4

Crimean War

Answer 4

Fought in 1853-54. Russia armies attacked southward threatening the Ottoman Empire. Britain and France sent troops to support the Ottomans. Most of the fighting took place on the Crimean Peninsula on the north shore of the Black Sea. Humiliating defeat for the Russians. Transition from traditional to modern warfare occurred.

War fought between Russia and ottoman backed Britain and France

Question 5

Cult of the emperor

Answer 5

Japanese oligarchs established this campaign to glorify the emperor as a symbol of Japanese power. But the emperor remained a ruler in name only.

A series of information making the emperor seeming to have the most power by rich Japanese men.

Question 6

Decembrist revolt

Answer 6

Tsar Nicholas I of Russia face this major uprising in 1825 of western-oriented army officers who sought political reform. Nicholas responded with repression and didn’t acknowledge reform.

A uprising which was crushed by the tsar.

Question 7

Diet

Answer 7

lower house of the Japanese House of Peers, which had power to pass laws, approve budgets, and otherwise advise government ‘ but not control it.

A form of congress by the Japanese

Question 8

Duma

Answer 8

An elected parliament which came into being after the revolution of 1905 in Russia

A congress formed after rebellion in Russia in 1905

Question 9

Holy Alliance

Answer 9

Early 19th C, Tsar Alexander I of Russia formed this with Austria and Prussia as a defense of the established order, which included both monarchs and religious officials.

An alliance between Russia, Austria, and Prussia

Question 10

Hong xiuquan

Answer 10

He led the Taiping Rebellion. He was a Christian from Guangxi province in the south. He led a religious movement called the “Heavenly Kingdom of Great Peace” whose mission was to drive the Manchu (Qing) out of China”

A Chinese leader who fought against the Manchu in China

Question 11

Intelligentsia

Answer 11

During Alexander II reign, people encouraged to voice political opinions through the expansion of universities and access to the printed word. Some were terrorists and all believed that the tsar and the government impeded Russia’s greatness.

People were encouraged to state their opinions during Alexander’s reign

Question 12

McCartney mission

Answer 12

A delegation headed by George Mccartney sent by the British govt. to open more trade between China and Britain. Britian had a massive trade deficit with China. Mission failed due enthocentrism on both sides. Mccartney wouldn’t kowtow before the emperor and Qing officials wouldn’t bow to a portrait of the King of England.

A group sent by Britain to open trade, but failed

Question 13

Meiji restoration

Answer 13

The result of civil war in Japan in 1868 with the overthrow of the Togugawa Shogunate. This was the name of the new regime stating this regime was restoring the power of the emperor.

A civil war in japan with a new govt. Taking over

Question 14

Most favored nation states

Answer 14

When a country gives trading advantages over all other nations. China was forced to do this with Britain in the Treaty of Nanking after the the Opium War of 1839-42.

A country is giving all of their trading to one country

Question 15

Muhammad Ali

Answer 15

After the invasion of Napoleon failed, Ali rose to power because of his ability to build a powerful army using western knowledge and hiring French and Italian military officers to train his troops. Leader of Egypt subservient to the Ottoman sultan, modernized and westernized the country into debt during the early 1800’s.

A leader of Egypt who westernized his country but put it in debt

Question 16

Florence nightingale

Answer 16

Mid-1850’s, Englishwomen trained in France and Prussia applied the techniques learned to the battlefield in the Crimea War. She improved the sanitation of the hospitals greatly reducing death rates. In london est. institutes for nursing that were widely imitated in other countries.

A women who transformed and teached medical advances in the 1800s

Question 17

Oligarchy

Answer 17

a small group of people having control of a country

Elite people control country

Question 18

Opium wars

Answer 18

1839-42. Britain was forcing Opium into China in order to balance their trade deficit with China but China officials didn’t want the product in their country because of health concerns. Britain declared war and with their military superiority took control of the trade over the Qing govt.

A war between china and Britain over opium and trade

Question 19

Matthew Perry’s black ships

Answer 19

1853, arriving in Edo Bay near Tokoyo, American Commodore sent to Japan to deliver message from US President demanding that Japanese open its ports to foreign trade, and he threatened to bombard

American commander sent to japan to open up trade

Question 20

Russia’s official nationality

Answer 20

Loyalty to the Orthodox Church and protection provided by a strong, humane , and enlightened autocracy.

When people support the church and protected by autocracy

Question 21

Self-strengthening movement

Answer 21

the main goal was to counter the challenge from the West by modernizing China from within. they encouraged western assistance in building railroads and factories, and they borrowed western technology to update their armies.

Modernizing china and accepting western help

Question 22

Spheres of influence

Answer 22

each port controlled by a designated foreign nation

Every port controlled by a different country

Question 23

Taiping rebellion

Answer 23

movement led by Hong Xiuquan a Christian from Guangxi province in the south, an area with stubborn social problems that had been

A rebellion led by hong in china

Question 24

Tanzimat

Answer 24

Means reorganization, described an intensified period of reform that followed after Sultan Mahmud II death in the Ottoman Empire in 1839 and lasted until 1876.

Reform in the Ottoman Empire after mahmuds death

Question 25

Trams Siberian railroad

Answer 25

Built in Russia, it connected the bulk of the population in the east to the Pacific Coast by the end of the 19th C.

A railroad connecting the people in the east to the pacific coast

Question 26

Treaty of Nanking

Answer 26

After the Opium War of 1839-1842, Chinese and British signed this which dismantled the old Canton System and increased the number of ports open to foreigners from one (Canton) to five, and Hong Kong became a long-term British colony.

A treaty that ended the opium war and favored the British

Question 27

Vanguard of the revolution

Answer 27

All classes of the population must have political knowledge and support the revolution

A idea that everyone must know the political system

Question 28

The young Turks

Answer 28

Nickname for the protest organization called the Ottoman Society for Union and Progress, which was formed in Paris among a group of Turks exiled for their resistance to Sultan Abd al-Hamid II’s rule.

A protest group that protested against sultan hamid

Question 29

Zemstvoes

Answer 29

Local political councils, a reform implemented by Alexander II, to replace the nobility’s traditional authority over the surfs.

A political group that took the place of the nobles rule over serfs