**A&P 2 Unit 20 (Lab) [Lymphatic System] Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of the Lymphatic System

A
  • Transports excess interstitial fluid to blood
  • Assists in dietary fat absorption
  • Activation of the immune system
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2
Q

Structures of the Lymphatic System

A
  • Lymphatic Vessels (“lymphatics”)
    • Transport the fluid lymph
  • Lymphoid tissues and organs
    • Classified as: Primary or Secondary
    • Abundant lymphocytes
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3
Q

Lymphatics

A
  • Lymphatic capillaries collect interstitial fluid
    • Fluid is now called lymph
  • Lymph flows inside lymphatic vessels
  • Right lymphatic duct and thoracic duct (left)
    • Drain into right and left subclavian veins
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4
Q

Absorption of Dietary Facts

A
  • Occurs along small intestine
  • Fatty acids are usually too large to enter blood capillaries
  • Enter lacteals (lymphatic capillaries)
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5
Q

Lymphocytes

A
  • • Most abundant cell in the lymphatic system
  • Types:
    • B cells
    • T cells
    • NK cells
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6
Q

Development & Maturation of Lymphocytes

A
  • All lymphocytes develop in the red bone marrow
  • To “mature”= become immunocompetent
    • B cells and NK cells mature in red bone marrow
    • T cells migrate to thymus gland to mature
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7
Q

After Maturation of Lymphocytes

A
  • Immunocompetent lymphocytes
    • Re-enter bloodstream, then travel to red bone marrow and other lymphoid tissues
    • Ready to respond
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8
Q

Classification of Lymphoid Tissue

A
  • Primary vs. Secondary
  • Encapsulated vs. Unencapsulated
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9
Q

Primary Lymphatic Tissue

A
  • Where lymphocytes develop and mature
  • Red bone marrow
  • Thymus
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10
Q

Secondary Lymphatic Tissue

A
  • Where lymphocytes may become activated in an immune response
  • Lymph Nodes
  • Tonsils
  • Spleen
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11
Q

Encapsulated

A
  • Have distinct fibrous covering
  • Lymph Nodes
  • Spleen
  • Thymus
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12
Q

Unencapsulated

A
  • Unencapsulated (no distinct covering)
    • Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)
  • Along digestive, respiratory, urinary tracts
  • Includes:
    • Tonsils
    • Appendix
    • Peyer’s Patches
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13
Q

Lymph Nodes

A
  • Encapsulated
  • Little organs
  • Contain B cells, T cells, Macrophages
  • Lymph enters through afferent vessels
  • Lymph node “filters” lymph
  • Lymph exits through efferent vessels
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14
Q

Spleen

A
  • Largest lymphatic organ
    • Left upper quadrant
  • Filters blood (and stores platelets)
    • White pulp: Immune responses (lymphocytes, phagocytes)
    • Red pulp: Destroys old RBCs (macrophages)
  • Thin capsule can easily rupture –> life threatening emergency (bleeding)
  • B cell proliferation
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15
Q

B Cells

A
  • Plasma Cells
  • Produce & secrete antbodies
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16
Q

T Cells

A
  • Cytotoxic T Cells
  • Helper T Cells
  • Suppressor T Cells
17
Q

Cytotoxic T Cells

A

Attack foreign cells or body cells infected by viruses.

18
Q

Helper T Cells

A

Stimulate activation & function of T & B Cells

19
Q

Suppressor T Cells

A

Inhibit activation & function of T & B Cells

20
Q

Lymphatic Valves

A
  • Prevent back flow
  • Promotes one-way flow
  • Lymph moves slowly
21
Q

Threee Types of Tonsils

A
  • Pharyngeal
  • Palatine
  • Lingual
22
Q

Metastasis

A

The development of secondary malignant growths at a distance from a primary site of cancer.

23
Q

NK Cells

A

Control several types of tumors and microbial infections by limiting their spread and subsequent tissue damage.

24
Q

Thymus

A

Site of T cell maturation