Chapter 10 quiz Flashcards
which one of the following statements about the bag-valve mask (BVM) is true?
A) Oxygen must be attached so that the squeezable bag will reinflate.
B) The nonrebreather valve allows the patient to rebreathe air that he has exhaled.
C) The oxygen reservoir should deflate by one-third every time a breath is given.
D) A 15/22 mm adapter allows the BVM to be attached to adavanced airways such as the endotracheal tube.
D) A 15/22 mm adapter allows the BVM to be attached to adavanced airways such as the endotracheal tube.
When using a pocket mask to ventilate an unresponsive adult Pt., the EMT must remember to always:
A) maintain the head-tilt,chin-lift or jaw-thrust maneuver.
B) ventilate at twice the Pt’s normal rate of breathing.
C) provide each breath over 3 sec.
D) deliver 1 breath every 3 sec.
A) maintain the head-tilt,chin-lift or jaw-thrust maneuver.
You have opened the airway using a head-tilt, chin-lift and are ready to ventilate an apneic Pt. with a pocket mask. The first ventilation you attempt is unsuccessful. You should immediately: A) use a jaw-thrust maneuver. B) reposition the head. C) provide 5 abdominal thrusts. D) ventilate over 3 sec.
B) reposition the head.
Which one the following setups on the BVM will enable the EMT to deliver the highest concentration of oxygen to the Pt.?
A) BVM attached to oxygen at 15 lpm.
B) BVM w/oxygen reservoir attached, receiving oxygen at 15 lpm.
C) BVM w/room-air oxygen being used by two EMTs
D) BVM w/oxygen reservoir attached.
B) BVM w/oxygen reservoir attached, receiving oxygen at 15 lpm
You are assessing a young male Pt. who is responsive to painful stimuli and breathing agonally after being ejected from an automobile at a high rate of speed. HIs pulse is weak and thready, and his skin is cool and diaphoretic. When addressing his airway and breathing,the EMT must immediately.
A) open the airway using the head-tilt, chin-tilt, and begin ventilations w/the BVM.
B) administer oxygen at 15 lpm w/ a nonrebreather face mask.
C) perform the jaw-thrust and begin artificial ventilations w/ the BVM.
D) immobilize him to a long spine board, and then start positive pressure ventilation.
C) perform the jaw-thrust and begin artificial ventilations w/ the BVM.
You are teaching a group of firefighters who are in class to become EMRs. The topic is artificial ventilation w/ the BVM. Which one of the following points related to using the BVM should you emphasize?
A) The BVM is useless it is hooked to supplement oxygen.
B) It is better to ventilate too quickly as opposed to too slowly.
C) Maintaining a good mask-to-face seal is difficult.
D) The bag must be fully squeezed in order to give the proper amount of volume w/each breath.
C) Maintaining a good mask-to-face seal is difficult.
Which of the following best describes the path that oxygen must travel to get into the cells of the body?
A) Oropharynx, larynx, trachea,carina,bronchioles
B) Nose, pharynx, esophagus, bronchi, alveoli
C) Nasopharynx, oropharynx, carina, trachea, alveoli
D) Pharynx, larynx, trachea, alveoli, bronchioles
A) Oropharynx, larynx, trachea,carina,bronchioles
A 52 year-old male with a brain tumor has gone into respiratory arrest.You assign the task of artificially ventilating the Pt. w/the BVM to a new EMR. How will you instruct him to ventilate the Pt?
A) administer 10 breathes per min., with each ventilation lasting 2 secs.
B) give the Pt 24 breathes per min., with special attention to allowing for adequate exhalation.
C) Give the Pt 20 breathes per min., with each breath lasting 1.5 secs
D) Deliver 1 breath every 5 to 6 secs., with each ventilation lasting 1 sec.
D) Deliver 1 breath every 5 to 6 secs., with each ventilation lasting 1 sec.
Which one of the following tips should you give a new EMT about artificially ventilating a Pt. w/ the BVM?
A) “To direct air into the lungs and away from the stomach, flex the patient’s head forward when ventilating with the BVM.”
B) “If the patient has dentures, they should be removed so a better mask-to-face seal can be achieved.”
C) “Always remove the oropharyngeal airway. If it is in place when you are ventilating with a BVM, it may be pushed deep.”
D) “It is important to maintain the head-tilt,chin-lift or jaw-thrust maneuver while ventilating the patient.”
D) “It is important to maintain the head-tilt,chin-lift or jaw-thrust maneuver while ventilating the patient.”
Which one of the following statements made by an EMT shows that she understands how to suction the patients in a field setting?
A) “When caring for a young child, I suction for a minimum of 5 seconds.”
B) “It is helpful to pour sterile water into the patient’s mouth to liquefy vomit and make it easier to suction.”
C) “I only activate the suction device when I am withdrawing the suction catheter.”
D) “To thoroughly suction a patient, I insert the rigid-tip catheter past the base of the tongue and into the pharynx.”
C) “I only activate the suction device when I am withdrawing the suction catheter.”
You have arrived next to a patient who reportedly had a seizure. Assessment reveals him to be apneic with vomitus in the airway. He has a radial pulse, and his skin is cool and diaphoretic. Which one of the following should you do immediately? A) Suction the airway. B) Check breath sounds. C) Apply a nonrebreather mask. D) Start artificial ventilation.
A) suction the airway
You have arrived on the scene of an assault in which several people have been injured. You are directed to assist another crew with a patient who has been shot once. As you approach, you are told that the patient is breathing erratically and ineffectively. You observe thee patient being ventilated with a BVM while another EMT maintains her airway with the jaw-thrust maneuver. Based on your observation, where might you except that this patient was shot? A) Leg B) Head C) Lower abdomen D) Pelvis
B) Head
Which one of the following patients should benefit from the head-tilt,chin-lift manual airway maneuver?
A) 67-year old female who fell down a flight of stairs and in unresponsive
B) 39-year old male who just had a seizure and has snoring respirations.
C) 85-year old female who hit her head on a tree limb and is now responsive to painful stimuli
D) 45-year old female who is alert and vomiting blood
B) 39-year old
You must transport a patient with carbon monoxide poisoning to a special facility for treatment. Transport time is estimated at an hour and a half. The patient is on a nonrebreather mask with a continuous oxygen flow of 15 lpm. On the ambulance, you have a G tank with 1,100 psi inside. Knowing that the cylinder is 2.41, what action should the EMT take in relation to the amount of available oxygen and transport time?
A) replace the G cylinder with a full D cylinder
B) Replace the G cylinder after the transport
C) Apply a nasal cannula at 8 lpm for the transport
D) Decrease the oxygen flow to 10 lpm for the transport
B) Replace the G cylinder after the transport
Which one of the following statements shows that the EMT knows to correctly position the BVM on the patient’s face?
A) “The wide portion of the mask is place at the top of the nose and the narrow part below the lower lip”
B) “If two rescuers are using the BVM, the mask only needs to be placed over the mouth and the nose pinched closed.”
C) “I place the narrow part of the mask over the bridge of the nose, and the bottom part in the cleft above the chin.”
D) “The mask is properly positioned when the top portion lies over the bridge of the nose and the lower portion below the chin.”
C) “I place the narrow part of the mask over the bridge of the nose, and the bottom part in the cleft above the chin.”
You must suction frothy secretions from the mouth and pharynx of a 31-year old male patient whose respiration rate is 4 breathes per min. Which one of the following interventions is most appropriate given the patient’s condition?
A) Suction for no more than 15 seconds at a time followed by 2 mins of positive pressure ventilation.
B) Forego suctioning and continue to provide positive pressure ventilation.
C) Place the patient into a side-lying position and 30 seconds of suctioning and ventilation
D)Use a soft-tip catheter and suction for no more than 30 seconds before providing additional oxygen with a nonrebreather face mask.
A) Suction for no more than 15 seconds at a time followed by 2 mins of positive pressure ventilation.
Which of the following statements made by an EMT shows he understands the use of the pocket mask?
A) “When using the pocket mask to ventilate a patient, the EMT must make sure that the reservoir bag is in place.”
B) “The EMT must remove the oral airway and replace it with a nasal airway when ventilating with a pocket mask.”
C) “Although the pocket mask is very effective a patient, the EMT is directly exposed to secretions from the patient.”
D) “In comparison to the BVM, the pocket mask can deliver a just as good, tidal volume.”
D) “In comparison to the BVM, the pocket mask can deliver a just as good, tidal volume.”
Which one of the following best describes oxygen?
A) A highly flammable substance.
B) A gas classified as a drug.
C) A moist gas that supports combustion.
D) An odorless cloudy gas when pressurized.
B) A gas classified as a drug.
Which on of the following statements shows that the EMT knows how to properly size an oral airway prior placement?
A) “The airway should approximate the distance from the front teeth to the angle of the jaw”
B) “To select an appropriately sized oral airway, you must estimate the patient’s height and weight.”
C) “It is better to have an oral airway that is too long, rather than one that is too small.
D) “An appropriately sized oral airway can be selected by looking in the patient’s mouth and estimating the length of the tongue.”
A) “The airway should approximate the distance from the front teeth to the angle of the jaw”
For which one of the following patients is placement of an oropharyngeal airway indicated?
A) Responsive but confused patient with stridorous respirations.
B) Patient with snoring respiration who coughs as the oral airway is placed into his mouth.
C) Patient who responds to painful stimuli by moaning and has vomited.
D) Unresponsive patient who has no gag or cough reflex.
D) Unresponsive patient who has no gag or cough reflex.
The EMT is appropriately sizing the nasal airway when she measures the:
A) diameter of the patient’s little finger.
B) distance from the nose to earlobe.
C) diameter of the larger nostril.
D) distance from the mouth to the angle of the jaw.
B) distance from the nose to earlobe.
The EMT should recognize that the oropharyngeal airway has been appropriately inserted when:
A) vomiting is no longer occurring.
B) its flange rests on the teeth.
C) it cannot be dislodged by the EMT.
D) the respiratory rate returns to normal.
B) its flange rests on the teeth.
While a 61-year old female in cardiac arrest receives emergency care, you note that her abdomen grows larger with each ventilation provided from a BVM. What instructions should you provide?
A) “Try delivering each ventilation over 3 seconds, and let’s slow down the rate.”
B) “Let’s slow the ventilation rate to 10 per min, providing each breath over 1 second.”
C) “The ventilation rate and force of ventilation need to be increased so air goes into the lungs.”
D) “I need another rescuer to apply firm pressure over the stomach,while we ventilate this patient.”
B) “Let’s slow the ventilation rate to 10 per min, providing each breath over 1 second.”
You are observing an EMT insert an oropharyngeal airway into the airway of a 36-year old male who has overdosed on a street drug. Which one of the following observation indicates correct technique?
A) The EMT uses a tongue depressor to press the back of the tongue downward, and then insert the oral airway upside-down.
B) The oral airway is introduced sideways into the mouth, and then rotated 180 degrees once it has reached the bass of the tongue.
C) The airway is inserted into the mouth upside-down and is then turned 180 degrees once it contacts the soft palate.
D) The airway is inserted in its normal anatomic position until the flange of the airway is 1 cm above the the lips.
C) The airway is inserted into the mouth upside-down and is then turned 180 degrees once it contacts the soft palate.
The EMT has just placed an oropharyngeal airway in a patient. By doing so, which one of the following has the EMT accomplished?
A) Secured the tongue away from the back of the airway.
B) Obtained a patent airway by preventing closure of the mouth.
C) Protected the airway from vomit or other secretions.
D) Minimized the risk of vomiting by closing off the esophagus.
A) Secured the tongue away from the back of the airway.
The EMT shows that he is correctly using the flow-restricted, oxygen-power ventilation device when he:
A) stops ventilating as soon as the patient’s chest begins to rise.
B) increase pressure if the air enters the stomach instead of the lungs.
C) administers each ventilation over 2-to-3 second period
D) ventilates the patient at a rate of 20 breaths per minute.
A) stops ventilating as soon as the patient’s chest begins to rise.
Which on the following statements about ventilation of a nonrebreathing patient through a stoma is true?
A) The EMT should ventilate the stoma with a child-sized face mask attached to a BVM.
B) A nasal airway should be inserted into the stoma prior to any attempt at ventilating the patient.
C) Mouth-to-stoma ventilation is an easy and safe procedure to perform on a nonbreathing patient.
D) A head-tilt,chin-lift or jaw-thrust maneuver is still needed to open the airway.
A) The EMT should ventilate the stoma with a child-sized face mask attached to a BVM.
You arrive at a residence to assist another crew with a patient in cardiac arrest. As you enter the room, a brand new EMT informs you that he is having difficulty maintaing the mask seal to the patient’s face while ventilating with the BVM. Which one of the following responses shows that you understand and can help with the problem?
A) “Let me maintain the face-to-mask seal while you squeeze the bag.”
B) “I will administer some cricoid pressure. That should help.”
C) “I will check breath sounds to see if air is reaching the lungs.”
D) “Why don’t you try using a larger adult mask and flex the head forward?”
A) “Let me maintain the face-to-mask seal while you squeeze the bag.”
You are having a difficult time getting air from the bag-valve mask to pass into the patient’s lungs. Your first action should be to:
A) perform the head-tilt,chin-lift again.
B) perform a finger sweep of the airway.
C) turn the patient on his side and try ventilation again.
D) administer abdominal thrusts
A) perform the head-tilt,chin-lift again.
While the EMT is inserting an oropharyngeal airway, the patient gags. The EMT should:
A) lubricate the oropharyngeal airway and reattempt insertion.
B) reattempt insertion using a smaller oropharyngeal airway.
C) remove the airway and maintain the head-tilt,chin lift.
D) use a togue depressor to better place the oral airway.
C) remove the airway and maintain the head-tilt,chin lift.
Which body system or structure is responsible for the control and regulation of a person's breathing? A) Alveoli B) Spinal cord C) Brain D) Lungs
C) Brain
You must immobilize a 6 year-old male who was involved in a motor vehicle accident. Regarding the airway,why should you consider placing padding under his shoulders and back?
A) The child’s diaphragm is lower and more difficult to move.
B) The child’s head is larger in proportion to his body.
C) The child’s tongue is larger and weaker than an adult’s
D) The child’s cricoid cartilage is prone to collapse.
B) The child’s head is larger in proportion to his body.
Which of the following would cause the greatest decrease in oxygen delivery to the cells?
A) Heart rate above 120 beats per minute.
B) Decreased amount of circulating hemoglobin.
C) Diastolic blood pressure > 100 mmHg.
D) Temperature above 103 F
B) Decreased amount of circulating hemoglobin.
The EMT recognizes a late sign of hypoxia when he observes: A) cyanosis in the fingers. B) complaint of a headache. C) restlessness and agitation. D) elevation in blood pressure.
A) cyanosis in the fingers
You arrive at a residence for a male patient who is unresponsive. As you enter the room, you observe an obese male lying on a recliner. His eyes are closed, and he has gurgling respiration. While your partner quickly performs a primary assessment, you should immediately prepare to: A) auscultate breath sounds. B) suction the airway. C) administer high-concentration oxygen. D) insert an oropharyngeal airway.
B) suction the airway.
When administering oxygen to a hypoxia patient, what signs would you indicate that the patient is improving?
A) The respirations slow from 24 to 22 per minute.
B) The heart rate drops from 120 to 80 beats per minute.
C) The patient becomes more restful and wants to sleep.
D) The blood pressure increase from 136/78 to 150/86 mmHg.
B) The heart rate drops from 120 to 80 beats per minute.
While you are transporting a patient with altered mental status, he suddenly vomits partially digested food along with large blood clots. The vomitus is too big for a rigid suction catheter. The EMT should immediately place the patient on his side and: A) administer abdominal thrust. B) use a soft suction catheter. C) perform a finger sweep. D) encourage the patient to cough.
C) perform a finger sweep.
