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Computing > 2.1.6 Networking > Flashcards

2.1.6 Networking Flashcards

1
Q

What is file compression?

A

An algorithm that’s used to decrease the size of the file (make it smaller)

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2
Q

Advantages of file compression

A

Allows transfer speed to be quicker, takes up less storage space, smaller files reduce network congestion, uses fewer bits of data, fast download speed

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3
Q

Properties of lossless compression

A

Original file CAN be reconstructed once deconstructed, doesn’t lose any information, e.g. PNG

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4
Q

Properties of lossy compression

A

Deletes data that they think is unnecessary e.g. sounds humans cant hear and colour differences we wouldn’t notice. Original file CANT be reconstructed once deconstructed, e.g. JPEG

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5
Q

What does a DSLR do?

A

Allows formats such as TIFF and NEF, which are either compressed slightly or not at all

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6
Q

What is a network?

A

A set of computers and devices that are connected in order to share resources

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7
Q

What types of resources can networks share?

A

Information, application, software and hardware

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8
Q

Advantages of networks

A

Sharing devices like printers saves money, files can easily be shared between users, users can communicate by email and instant messenger, data is easy to backup as all the data is stored on the file server

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9
Q

Disadvantages of networks

A

Expensive to purchase the network cabling and file servers, if the server breaks down all files become inaccessible, viruses can spread quickly throughout the network, danger of hacking

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10
Q

What is a NIC and what does it do?

A

NIC is a Network Interface Cable, it has a dedicated MAC address and controls data coming in and out, gives you a MAC address

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11
Q

What does a hub do?

A

A hub allows many devices to connect to the network

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12
Q

What does a switch do?

A

A switch sends data to the required recipient

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13
Q

What does a router do?

A

A router manages the IP’s of the computer, packets and switches

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14
Q

What does a bridge do?

A

A bridge connects the networks together for communication

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15
Q

What does a modem do?

A

A modem allows connection to the internet

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16
Q

What is a LAN?

A

A Local Area Network that covers a small geographical area like a home or office

17
Q

What is a WAN?

A

A Wide Area Network covers a large geographical area like a university/college campus or a corporate building

18
Q

What is a PAN?

A

A Personal Area Network covers a very small area like a room, and example of PAN is bluetooth

19
Q

What is a Client Server Network?

A

A network where the file server hold all the files, which individual client computers can access. They are connected to one server instead of each other

20
Q

What are advantages of a Client Server Network?

A

All files are stored in a central location. Network peripherals, backups and network security are controlled centrally. Users can access shared data

21
Q

What are disadvantages of a Client Server Network?

A

A specialist network operating system is needed. The server is expensive to purchase. Specialist staff are needed. If any part of the network fails a lot of disruption can occur

22
Q

What is a Peer to Peer Server Network?

A

A network where all computers are connected directly together and can share files if permission is given

23
Q

What are the advantages of a Peer to Peer Server Network?

A

No need for a network operating system. Doesn’t need an expensive server. Doesn’t need specialist staff. Easier to set up. If one computer fails it wont affect the others

24
Q

What are the disadvantages of a Peer to Peer Server Network?

A

Can slow down user performance. Files and folders can’t be centrally backed up. Files aren’t organised in a specific shared area. Stopping viruses is the individual users responsibility. Little to no security besides permissions

25
Q

What is a MAC address and what are its properties?

A

A MAC address is a unique physical address that allows the router/switch to identify which device is which, it’s made of 6 pairs of hex numbers

26
Q

What are the properties of a IP (Internet Protocol)?

A

An IP is a 32 bit number split into 8 bit bytes. It can be permanently given to a device (Static IP) or can be allocated as needed (Dynamic IP)

27
Q

Why do websites have IP addresses?

A

Websites have IP addresses so the packets know where to go

28
Q

What does a DNS (Domain Name Server) do? and why do we use it?

A

A DNS links the website name to its IP address. We use it for convenience and it basically creates a URL

29
Q

What is the internet?

A

The internet is a packet switching network

30
Q

How is data sent across a network?

A

Data is sent across a network by breaking the data down into units and packing them together with control information (Packets)

31
Q

What is control information?

A

Control information is information about the data packet e/g/ where it’s come from and where it’s going (Source address, destination address, packet sequence number, data, checksum)

32
Q

What does a network administrator set permissions for?

A

Network administrators set password levels, validation rules and access levels for other users

33
Q

What must passwords have?

A

Passwords must contain letters, numbers, other characters. more than a set number of characters and should be changed regularly

34
Q

What checks do passwords have?

A

Passwords have presence checks, length check and data length check

35
Q

What is a disaster recovery plan?

A

A disaster recovery plan is an offsite location put in place so that users can continue using the network. Prevention, detection, correction

36
Q

What is the risk assessment in a disaster recovery plan on?

A

Weighing up the cost of implementing a counter measure against the cost of the threat

37
Q

What does prevention, detection and correction in a disaster recovery plan consist of?

A

Prevention - stop the disaster occurring e.g. locking doors, using air-con, firewalls and restricting access.
Detection - Detecting the disaster asap to allow more time for the counter measure to be implemented e.g. automation tools tracking packets
Correction - Fixing the problem after it happens e.g. back up servers

Computing (7 decks)

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