Universe chapter

Question 1

the big bang

Answer 1

14-20 million years ago

Question 2

how did the universe begin?

Answer 2

during a cataclysmic release of energy from a point source of infinite mass

Question 3

evidence of the big bang

Answer 3

an expanding universe, everything gets bigger

Question 4

how do we know the universe is expanding?

Answer 4

red shift, spectrum of light, doppler effect, galaxies are moving away from us

Question 5

red shift

Answer 5

hubble 1927; the shifting of the color of light from galaxies toward red. The galaxies moved closer to the red

Question 6

doppler effect

Answer 6

changing frequency due to the relative motion of a sound source

Question 7

origin of the solar system

Answer 7

nebular disk hypothesis

Question 8

when did the solar system begin?

Answer 8

5 billion years ago

Question 9

how did the solar system begin?

Answer 9

a large, slowly rotating cloud of dust and gas

Question 10

solar nebula

Answer 10

slowly rotating cloud of dust and gas; material from a super nova

Question 11

cooling and gravity

Answer 11

from cloud to sphere

Question 12

velocity of rotation increases

Answer 12

sphere to disk

Question 13

most of mass near center of disk

Answer 13

proto-sun

Question 14

sun turns on

Answer 14

nuclear fusion

Question 15

how do planets form?

Answer 15

chemical condensation/accretion

Question 16

evidence of the solar system

Answer 16

planets orbit in same plane, planets revolve around the sun in the same direction

Question 17

how old is the earth?

Answer 17

4.6 billion years old

Question 18

how did earth form?

Answer 18

condensation/ accretion

Question 19

Earth

Answer 19

it heats up, density differention

Question 20

where are galaxies moving?

Answer 20

away from us:the greater the red shift

Question 21

what did the Big Bang create?

Answer 21

clumps of cosmic debris that eventually formed galaxies throught the universe

Question 22

Nuclear fusion

Answer 22

occurs when hydrogen nuclei are mashed together under high temperatures and pressures to form helium

Question 23

White dwarf

Answer 23

the outer layers of the sun disappear, leaving a hot core

Question 24

black dwarf

Answer 24

was once a white dwarf

Question 25

Heliosphere

Answer 25

our solar system is defined by the limits of the sun’s magnetic field

Question 26

disruptions in the sun’s magnetic field result in what?

Answer 26

sunspots and solar flares

Question 27

magnetic field

Answer 27

deflects the solar wind around our planet

Question 28

insolation

Answer 28

the amount of solar radiation received by earth