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Earth Science > Weather > Flashcards

Weather Flashcards

1
Q

water and weather

A

water can absorb or release substantial quantities of heat without any significant change in temperature

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2
Q

specific heat (heat capacity)

A

very high, water takes a long time to heat up

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3
Q

latent heat

A

energy released or absorbed during change of state

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4
Q

calorie

A

unit of energy

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5
Q

what is humity

A

amount of water in the atmosphere, a measure of the amount of moisture in air

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6
Q

which can hold more water warm or cold air

A

cold air

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7
Q

relative humidity

A

amount of water point relative to the max can be held

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8
Q

dew point

A

straturation point of atmosphere.

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9
Q

atmospheric pressure

A

decreases with increasing altitude, local variation related to density,

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10
Q

cold dry air

A

sinks and compresses

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11
Q

high pressure rotates which way

A

clock wise

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12
Q

low pressure rotates which way

A

counter clock wise

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13
Q

warm moist air

A

rises and expands

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14
Q

lower the pressure =

A

bad weather

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15
Q

why does the wind blow

A

air moves from high to low pressure, always moves from high to low pressure, widely spaced circles from the west

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16
Q

atmospheric circulation

A

southern hemisphere deflected to left, northern hemisphere deflected to right

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17
Q

parts of atmospheric circulation

A

circulation cells, wind bands, polar easeries, westerlies, trade winds,

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18
Q

weather systems track from

A

the west/ to east, because of westerlies

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19
Q

why do weather patterns track from west to east?

A

westerlies

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20
Q

why do tropical storms track from east to west?

A

following the trade winds

21
Q

air masses

A

changes in weather are the result of interaction between moving air masses, source area and temperature.

22
Q

martime and continental

A

most interesting weather

23
Q

air masses change from

A

temp, topography

24
Q

front

A

boundary between moving air masses

25
Q

cold front

A

heavy rainfall, weather changes for the worst, on a weather map has teeth, moves faster

26
Q

warm front

A

light rainfall, redline, half circle, warm air behind, cold air front

27
Q

continental polar and maritime tropical air mass

A

most weather system in us are this type

28
Q

what influences where storm systems track?

A

jet stream, curvature

29
Q

jet stream

A

strong, focused, high altitude winds, follow westerly winds. west to east

30
Q

curvature

A

get weather, curves up and down

31
Q

down curvature

A

cyclonic circulation, low pressure, counter clockwise

32
Q

up curvature

A

anticyclonic cirulation, high pressure, clockwise

33
Q

thunderstorms

A

happen during summer, cold fronts produce super cells, latent heat, as it rains out it loses energy

34
Q

3 stages of Thunder storm

A

cumulus, mature, and dissipating

35
Q

mature

A

rain dissipating

36
Q

what causes lighting?

A

strong up drafts, strong down drafts, up and down drafts pass each other and friction happens. cause electrostatic charges to separate

37
Q

pilot leader

A

negative charge goes towards the ground, electrical discharge

38
Q

how does a tornado happen

A

cold front produces super cells, jet stream moving along cold front, extreme pressure gradinets,

39
Q

3 stages of tornado

A

early, updraft, and tornado

40
Q

updraft

A

bringing in air from all over friction starts to create vortex

41
Q

spin

A

funnel cloud

42
Q

Types of air masses

A

cA, cP, cT, mP, mT

43
Q

air masses

A

identified by the temp and moisture characteristics of the underlying surface

44
Q

midlatitude cyclone

A

large center of low pressure with an associated cold front and often a warm front. frequently accompanied by abundant precipitation. moves counter clockwise

45
Q

front

A

boundary from one air mass and another

46
Q

study page

A

418

47
Q

trade winds

A

two belts of winds that blow almost constantly from easterly directions and are located on the equatorial sides of the subtropical highs

48
Q

westerlies

A

winds between 30 degrees and 60 degrees latitude that move west to east and greatly influence weather in North America

49
Q

occluded front

A

a composite front formed when a cold front overtakes a warm front and forces it aloft. purple line on map

Earth Science (20 decks)

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