chemical injury Flashcards
1
Q
xenobiotic
A
- biologically active agent that is not “us”, i.e. from the environment
2
Q
etiology
A
cause
3
Q
pathogenesis
A
mechanism
4
Q
three important hydroxy radical interactions
A
1 - lipid peroxidation - unsaturated lipids
2 - base damage in RNA and DNA - mutagenic DNA damage most important
3 - proteins - enzyme inactivation
5
Q
free radical peroxidation mechanism
A
- free radical picks up hydrogen from LH
- creates L-dot free radical
- L-dot free radical picks up O2 and stays a radical
- LOO-dot picks up H from LH, cyclical process
6
Q
what are defenses against free radicals?
A
antioxidants (vitamin E, ascorbic acid, glutathione)
7
Q
two examples of cisPlatinum toxicity
A
1 - diarrhea
2 - renal failure
8
Q
mechanism of cisPlatinum toxicity
A
- interacts with DNA molecules leading to lethal cell injury and death - inability to replicate DNA - p53 mediated cell apoptosis
9
Q
cellular response to cisPlatinum injury
A
- DNA synthesis shut down
- no cell division
- DNA repair
- if unrepairable, apoptosis
- if severely damaged, necrosis
