22. Androgens, anabolic steroids, antiandrogens. Agents affecting the sexual activity

Question 1

Which is the main androgen excreted by the testis?

Answer 1

Testosterone

Question 2

Which other androgens does the testis release in smaller amount?

Answer 2

• Dihydrotestosterone (DHT)
• Androstenedione
• Dehydroepiandrosterone

Question 3

Which are the steroids with androgenic/anabolic effects?

Answer 3

• Ethylestrenol
• Oxandrolone
• Nandrolone
• Stanozolol
• Dromostanolone

Question 4

What other androgens and related steroids are there?

Answer 4

• Testosterone-undecanoate
• Mesterolone
• Danazol
• Stanozolol

Question 5

Which are the antiandrogen groups?

Answer 5

• GnRH-analogues
• Steroid synthesis inhibitors
• 5alpha-reductase inhibitors
• Androgen receptor antagonists

Question 6

Which are the GnRH analogues and antagonists?

Answer 6

• Analogues:
  
  • ​Leuprolide
  • Buserelin
  • Gosereline
  • Nafarelin
  • Triptorelin
• Antagonists:​
  
  • Ganirelix
  • Abarelix
  • Degarelix
  • Cetrorelix

Question 7

Which are the steroid synthesis inhibitors?

Answer 7

• Ketoconazole
• Abiraterone

Question 8

Which are the 5alpha-reductase inhibitors?

Answer 8

• Finasteride
• Dutasteride

Question 9

Which are the androgen receptor antagonists?

Answer 9

• Flutamide, bicalutamide, nilutamide
• Cyproterone acetate
• Spironolactone

Question 10

Which are the agents affecting the sexual activity?

Answer 10

• Hormonal treatment:
  
  • ​Testosterone-undecanoate
  • Mesterelone
• Inhibitors of PDE-5:
  
  • ​Sildenafil
  • Tadalafil
  • Vardenafil
• Intracavernous treatment:​
  
  • Papaverine (opium alkaloid)
  • Phentolamine (non-selective a blocker)
  • Alprostadil (PGE₁)