2.2 biological molecules Flashcards
(22 cards)
in water what part is slightly negative and what part is slightly positive
oxygen -
hydrogen +
what are the 5 properties of water making it vital to life
why are they
high specific heat capacity- temp control
high latent heat of evapouration- temp control
very cohesive-transport substances
good solvent- dissolve substances
less dense when solid- ice floats on it forms insulating layer on pond for example
why does water have a high specific heat capacity
hydrogen bonds can absorb alot of energy making it take alot of energy to warm up
why does water have a high latent heat of evapouration
it takes alot of energy to break hydrogen bonds in water so alot of energy is used up when water evapourates
why is water cohesive
water is polar causing the molecules to tend to stick together making it flow easier and transport substances
why is water a good solvent
slightly positive end of water molecules will attract to th negative ion and vise versa totally surrounding ions dissolving them
why is water less dense when solid
space between hydrogen bonds making the lattice makes the molecules more spaces out and ice less dense
what are the monomars that make up carbohydrates called
monosaccharides
what are the 2 structures of glucose
alpha and beta
how many carbon atoms does glucose have and what does this make it
6 and a hexose monosaccharide
how many carbon atoms does ribose have what does this make it
5 making it a pentose monosaccharide
what 3 elements make up all polysaccharides
carobn, hydrogen and oxygen
what reaction take place and bond forms to join 2 monosaccharides
condensation reaction and glycosidic bond
1 lone carbohydrate is a:
2 is:
and 3 or more is:
monosaccharide
disaccharide
polysaccharide
what forms
maltose
sucrose
lactose
M: 2 alpha glucose molecules
S: alpha glucose and fructose
L: either A or B glucose and galactose
starch is an energy store in plants, what 2 polysacchardies mix to make starch
amylose and amylopectin
describe amylose
found in plants, only has alpha glucose, has only aplha 1-4 glycosidic bonds, not branched and is an energy store and makes up starch
describe amylopectin
found in plants, has branched alpha 1-4 and alpha 1-6 glycosidic bonds, branched, energy store for plants (quick release due to branches) makes up starch
describe glycogen
found in animals, branched alpha glucose, has branched alpha 1-4 and alpha 1-6 glycosidic bonds, energy store for animals ( quick release due to branches)
describe cellulose
found in plants, beta glusocse, has only beta 1-4 glycosidic bonds, and makes yp the cell wall
draw alpha and beta glucose
google picture
