2.2 Development of the Peritoneum and the Foregut Flashcards
(31 cards)
What are the three divisions of the gut?
Foregut, midgut, hindgut
List the organs that are developed from the foregut
Oesophagus, stomach, pancreas, liver, gallbladder, 1/3rd proximal duodenum
List the organs that are developed from the midgut
Distal 2/3rd of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, ascending colon, 2/3rds of transverse colon
List the organs that are developed from the hindgut
Distal 2/3rd of transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, upper anal canal
+ internal lining of bladder and urethra
Name the aortic branches that supply the:
i. ) Foregut
ii. ) Midgut
iii. ) Hindgut
i. ) Celiac trunk
ii. ) Superior mesenteric artery
iii. ) Inferior mesenteric artery
From which embryological area do the body cavities derive from?
The intraembryonic coelom
What structure lines the abdominal cavity?
The peritoneal membrane
What is a mesentery?
A double layer of peritoneum suspending the gut tube from the abdominal wall. This allows blood vessels and nerves to supply the gut tube.
What type of mesoderm forms the mesenteries?
Splanchnic mesoderm
Where is the dorsal mesentery located?
Suspends the entire gut tube from the dorsal body wall
Where is the ventral mesentery located?
Only in the foregut region
How is the cavity containing the foregut divided?
Ventral and dorsal mesenteries form a left and right sac around the foregut
What becomes of the left sac surrounding the foregut?
The left sac contributes to the greater sac
What becomes of the right sac surrounding the foregut?
The right sac becomes the lesser sac and moves to sit behind the stomach
What is an omenta?
Specialised regions of the peritoneum.
What is the Greater Omentum formed from?
The dorsal mesentery
What is the Lesser Omentum formed from?
The ventral mesentery
What is conducted in the free edge where the ventral mesentery ends after the foregut?
The portal triad
List 4 things that are achieved by the rotation of the stomach
Greater and Lesser curvatures lie on the left and right
Cardia and pylorus move horizontally
Vagus nerves are moved anterior and posterior instead of left and right
Moves lesser sac behind the stomach
Creates the greater omentum
What is a peritoneal reflection?
A joint between mesentery and peritoneum where the border changes direction
What does the term ‘retroperitoneal’ mean?
A structure that is not suspended within the abdominal cavity. They do not have a mesentery
What does ‘secondary retroperitoneal’ mean?
Began development invested by peritoneum and had a mesentery but with growth the mesentery is lost.
Give an example of a secondary retroperitoneal organ
Pancreas
Distal 2/3rds of duodenum
Ascending colon
Descending colon
List all of the retroperitoneal organs
Suprarenal glands
Aorta
Duodenum
Pancreas Ureters Colons (ascending and descending) Kidneys Esophagus Rectum
