2.2 Part 1

Question 1

The __________ is considered the “fundamental” sex because if a particular chemical prompting is absent, all fertilized eggs will develop into _______.

Answer 1

female sex
females

Question 2

_______ is the stage of development at which individuals become ________.

Its outcome is different for boys and girls, but the __________ is similar.

Answer 2

Puberty
sexually mature

hormonal process

Question 3

The term __________ describe the areas of the body that are highly sensitive to _______ and are often (but not always) ________.

In this context, “_________” means these areas of the body have a high number of _________ or ________ that react to stimuli.

Answer 3

erogenous zones
stimuli
sexually exciting

highly sensitive
sensory receptors
nerve endings

Question 4

These are places where a person is generally more sensitive to both pain and pleasure than in other areas of the body.

Answer 4

Erogenous zones

Question 5

The skin serves as the primary ____________.

Answer 5

erotic stimulus

Question 6

Two types of erogenous zones exist in the skin

Answer 6

Nonspecific type
Specific type

Question 7

The ________ is the retractable fold of skin covering the tip of the penis. Nontechnical name: ________. It is also a similar fold of skin covering the tip of the clitoris.

Answer 7

prepuce
foreskin

Question 8

The _______ is a male erectile organ of __________ by which urine and semen are discharged from the body

Answer 8

Penis
copulation

Question 9

Female external genitalia (vulva) include:
•
•
•
•
•

Answer 9

• mons pubis
• clitoris
• labia majora & labia minora
• Vaginal introitus
• hymen

Question 10

A female sexual organ that is small, sensitive, and located in front of the opening of the vagina.

Answer 10

Clitoris

Question 11

The ________ are fleshy lips around the vagina.

These are larger outer folds of the vulva.

Answer 11

labia majora

Question 12

The ________ also known as the inner labia, inner lips, vaginal lips or nymphae are two flaps of skin either side of the human vaginal opening in the vulva situated between the labia majora.

Answer 12

labia minora

Question 13

_________ is the opening that leads to the vaginal canal.

Answer 13

Vaginal introitus

Question 14

The _______ is a membrane that surrounds or partially covers the external vaginal opening.

Answer 14

hymen

Question 15

It refers to the area of the body surrounding the anus, and in particular, the skin.

Answer 15

Perianal skin

Question 16

It is susceptible to injury and damage.

Answer 16

Perianal skin

Question 17

The ____ are soft, movable, and serve as the opening for food intake and in the articulation of sound and speech.

Answer 17

lips

Question 18

Human lips are designed to perceived by ______, and can be an __________ when used in kissing and any other acts of ______.

Answer 18

touch
erogenous zone
intimacy

Question 19

______ are the raised region of tissue on the surface of the breast.

Answer 19

Nipples

Question 20

The _____________ refers to the sequence of physical and emotional occurrences when the person is participating in a sexually stimulating activity, such as intercourse or masturbation

Answer 20

sexual response cycle

Question 21

______________ and ______________ pioneered research to understand human sexual response, dysfunction, and disorders.

Answer 21

William Masters and Virginia Johnson

Question 22

Four phases of the human sexual response cycle:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Answer 22

1. Excitement
2. Plateau
3. Orgasm
4. Resolution

Question 23

It is the process of combining male and female genes to form an offspring

Answer 23

sex

Question 24

It is the largest sex organ controlling the biological urges, mental processes, as well as the emotional and physical responses to sex.

Answer 24

Brain

Question 25

The ______ is responsible for translating the _______ sensed by the skin into ______________.

Answer 25

brain nerve impulses pleasurable sensations

Question 26

• It controls the nerves and muscles used in sexual activities. • Sexual thoughts and fantasies are theorized to lie in the _______, the same area used for thinking and reasoning.

Answer 26

• brain • cerebral cortex

Question 27

Emotions and feelings (which are important for sexual behavior) are believed to originate in the __________.

Answer 27

limbic system

Question 28

The brain releases the _________ considered as the physiological origin of ________.

Answer 28

hormones sexual desire

Question 29

The 1.)________ is the most important part of the brain for ____________. One reason the 1.)__________ is important in human sexual activity is its relation to the __________.

Answer 29

hypothalamus sexual functioning pituitary gland

Question 30

The ____________ secretes the hormones produced in the hypothalamus.

Answer 30

pituitary gland

Question 31

________ is also known as the "love hormone" and believed to be involved in our desire to maintain _________.

Answer 31

Oxytocin close relationships

Question 32

It is released during sexual intercourse when orgasm is achieved.

Answer 32

Oxytocin

Question 33

____________ is responsible for ovulation in females.

Answer 33

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Question 34

The 1.)___________ is crucial in regulating the testes in men and ovaries in women. In men, the 1.)__________ stimulates the testes to produce 2.)__________. In males, 2.)_________ appears to be a major contributing factor to sexual motivation.

Answer 34

Luteinizing hormone (LH) testosterone

Question 35

In males, appears to be a major contributing factor to sexual motivation.

Answer 35

Testosterone

Question 36

_________ is involved in the male arousal phase.

Answer 36

Vasopressin

Question 37

The increase of vasopressin during ___________ is believed to be directly associated with increased motivation to engage in sexual behavior.

Answer 37

erectile response

Question 38

___________ and __________ typically regulate motivation to engage in sexual behavior for females, with ________ increasing motivation and ________ decreasing it.

Answer 38

Estrogen and progesterone estrogen progesterone

Question 39

It is a rush of longing, passion, and euphoria.

Answer 39

Falling in love

Question 40

Anthropologist ________ of Rutgers University proposed three stages of falling in love; and for each stage, a different set of chemicals run the show. The three stages of falling in love are: 1. ______ (__________); 2. ________ (__________); and 3. ________ (__________).

Answer 40

Helen Fisher 1. Lust (erotic passion); 2. Attraction (romantic passion); and 3. Attachment (commitment).

Question 41

• This stage is marked by physical attraction. • You want to seduce and be seduced by your object of affection. • It is driven by testosterone in men and estrogen in women. • It will not guarantee that the couple will fall in love in any lasting way.

Answer 41

Lust

Question 42

At this stage, you begin to crave for your partner's presence. You feel excitement and energetic as you fantasize about the things you could do together as a couple.

Answer 42

Attraction

Question 43

Three chemicals that trigger attraction

Answer 43

Norepinephrine Dopamine Serotonin

Question 44

It is esponsible for the extra surge of energy and triggers increased heart rate, loss of appetite, as well as the desire to sleep. Your body is in a more alert state and is ready for action.

Answer 44

Norepinephrine

Question 45

It is associated with motivation and goal-directed behavior. It makes you pursue your object of affection. It creates a sense of novelty, where the person seems exciting, special, or unique that you want tell the world about his or her admirable qualities.

Answer 45

Dopamine

Question 46

1.)_________ - thought to cause obsessive thinking. Low levels of 1.)________ are said to be present in people with ____________ (OCD). Meanwhile, a study found that those who expressed they were in love and people with OCD both had less serotonin transporter in their blood compared to those who did not express they were in love and do not have OCD as well.

Answer 46

Serotonin obsessive-compulsive behavior

Question 47

_________ involves the desire to have lasting commitment with your significant other. At this point, you may want to get married and/or have children.

Answer 47

Attachment

Question 48

_________ is typically viewed as an interest in sexual objects or activities. • it is the subjective feeling of wanting to engage in sex.

Answer 48

Sexual desire

Question 49

• represents a basic, biologically mediated motivation to seek sexual activity or sexual gratification. • represents a more complex psychological experience that is not dependent on hormonal factors.

Answer 49

Sex drive

Question 50

Factors that influence the notable gender difference on sexual desire include: • • •

Answer 50

• Culture; • Social environment; and even • Political situations

Question 51

Animal research suggests that limbic system structures, such as the _______ and ________, are especially important for sexual motivation.

Answer 51

amygdala and nucleus accumbens

Question 52

It is the integrative center for emotions, emotional behavior, and motivation.

Answer 52

Amygdala

Question 53

Also referred to as the pleasure center

Answer 53

Nucleus accumbens

Question 54

Plays a role in motivation and cognitive processing of aversion. It has a significant role in response to reward and reinforcing effects, translating emotional stimulus into behaviors.

Answer 54

Nucleus accumbens