2.2 - The Cell Membrane

Question 1

The ______ maintains ______ or balance inside the cell. It is sometimes referred to as the ______. It consists of a phospholipid (phosphorus and lipids are the 2 layers) bilayer with proteins imbedded in it.

Answer 1

Cell membrane
Equilibrium
Plasma membrane

Question 2

The ______, each phospholipid molecule has a head that is ______ (water-loving) and two tails that are ______ (water-fearing)

Answer 2

Phospholipid bilayer
Hydrophilic
Hydrophobic

Question 3

The ______ is the transport of gases, nutrients, and wastes into and out of the cell are essential for the cell’s survival

Answer 3

Fluid mosaic model

Question 4

______is the means by which the cell maintains a constant environment. It distinguishes living organisms from non-living (biotic and abiotic)

Answer 4

Homeostasis

Question 5

The Particle Model of Matter part 1:

All Matter is made up of ______ but the particles in different substances may be different in ______ and ______

Answer 5

Particles
Size
Composition

Question 6

The Particle Model of Matter part 2:
The particles of matter are constantly ______ or ______ ; particles move least in solids and most in gases. Adding or taking away energy will affect the movement of particles

Answer 6

Moving

Vibrating

Question 7

The Particle Model of Matter part 3:

The particles of matter are ______ to one another or ______ together

Answer 7

Attracted

Bonded

Question 8

The Particle Model of Matter part 4:
Particles have ______ between them that are smallest in solids, except for ice, and greatest in gases. The spaces may be occupied by particles of other substances.

Answer 8

Spaces

Question 9

With ______ transport, no energy is required

Answer 9

Passive

Question 10

______ is the natural flow of particles from an area of high to low concentration. The end result is a state of ______ where the particles maintain a balanced distribution. The rate of it can be increased by adding ______ and increasing molecular movement.

Answer 10

Diffusion
Equilibrium
Energy

Question 11

The ______ of water or solutes can occur across a cell membrane if there is a difference between the concentrations inside and outside of the cell.

Answer 11

Diffusion

Question 12

The ______ is the passive movement of particles by the process of diffusion from an area of high concentration to low.

Answer 12

Concentration gradient

Question 13

With the ______, no energy is added to the system

Answer 13

Concentration gradient

Question 14

The cell membrane is ______ and also ______

Answer 14

Selectively permeable

Semi-permeable

Question 15

The cell membrane is ______ which means it allows certain particles to pass through it but not all

Answer 15

Selectively permeable

Question 16

The cell membrane is ______ therefore the passage of particles through the membrane is dependent of size, charge and solubility

Answer 16

Semi-permeable

Question 17

______ is the diffusion of water along the concentration gradient from an area of high concentration to low

Answer 17

Osmosis

Question 18

______ is the state of a solution in respect to osmotic pressure

Answer 18

Tonicity

Question 19

Hypotonic solution

Answer 19

Less solute in solution, more solute in cell, water moves into cell

Question 20

Hypertonic solution

Answer 20

More solute in solution, less solute in cell, water moves out of cell

Question 21

Isotonic solution

Answer 21

Balanced solute amount, water does not move

Question 22

Hypertonic cell

Answer 22

More solute in cell, less in solution, water moves into cell

Question 23

Hypotonic cell

Answer 23

Less solute in cell, more solute in solution, water moves out of cell

Question 24

Isotonic cell

Answer 24

Balanced amount of solute, water does not move

Question 25

When the cell is hypertonic to the solution is will appear ______ and when the cell is hypotonic to the solution it will appear ______

Answer 25

Bloated | Shrunken

Question 26

______ (or transport) is another form of passive transport. It is used for molecules that are too ______ to cross the membrane by diffusion (ex: glucose)

Answer 26

Facilitated diffusion | Large

Question 27

______ provide water filled pores for charged ions to pass through

Answer 27

Channel proteins

Question 28

______ bind to larger molecules and change their shape so molecules can diffuse through

Answer 28

Carrier proteins

Question 29

______ are extremely diverse in terms of structure, position, and function

Answer 29

Membrane proteins

Question 30

______ transport is when energy MUST be added to the system in order for a molecule to be transported.

Answer 30

Active

Question 31

With ______ transport, particles move AGAINST the concentration gradient (from an area of already low concentration to high)

Answer 31

Active

Question 32

______ transport uses specialized transport proteins and protein pumps

Answer 32

Active

Question 33

Why spend energy on ______ transport? It maintains internal cell environments (ex: filtering blood in your kidneys)

Answer 33

Active

Question 34

______ and ______ are for substances the cells needs to take in or expel that are too large for regular passive or active transport

Answer 34

Endocytosis | Exocytosis

Question 35

Two types of endocytosis: ______ and ______

Answer 35

Phagocytosis | Pinocytosis

Question 36

______ is solid transport: the cell "eats" large particles or other cells

Answer 36

Phagocytosis

Question 37

______ is liquid transport: the cell "drinks" the particles

Answer 37

Pinocytosis

Question 38

Both endocytosis and exocytosis involve ______ transport

Answer 38

Active

Question 39

⭐️⭐️ (you got this wrong on the test) | All cells need a cell membrane, BUT not all cells need a ______

Answer 39

Nucleus (gahhhhhh)